Chapter-10 Thermal Properties of Matter — Online MCQ Test
PHYSICS · Grade 11 · CBSE(NCERT)
Practice Chapter-10 Thermal Properties of Matter with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test.
This chapter covers: Heat - Temperature - Thermal expansion - Anomalous expansion of water - Specific heat capacity - Calorimetry - Change of state - Latent heat - Conduction - Convection - Radiation -....
AI-generated questions from basic to board-exam level, with instant results and explanations.
Chapter-10 Thermal Properties of Matter — Important Questions & Answers
What is the SI unit of temperature?
- A. Kelvin
- B. Celsius
- C. Fahrenheit
- D. Calorie
Answer: A. Kelvin
Kelvin is the SI unit of temperature used in the metric system and in scientific calculations.
Kelvin is the SI unit of temperature used in the metric system and in scientific calculations.
Define specific heat capacity.
- A. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C
- B. Total heat contained in a substance
- C. Heat released by a substance when cooled
- D. Temperature change per unit time
Answer: A. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C
Specific heat capacity is the heat energy required to change the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C or 1 K.
Specific heat capacity is the heat energy required to change the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C or 1 K.
Which of the following exhibits anomalous expansion?
- A. Water
- B. Iron
- C. Copper
- D. Aluminum
Answer: A. Water
Water exhibits anomalous expansion; it contracts instead of expanding when heated between 0°C and 4°C.
Water exhibits anomalous expansion; it contracts instead of expanding when heated between 0°C and 4°C.
What is latent heat?
- A. Heat required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature
- B. Heat that increases the temperature of a substance
- C. Heat lost by a substance during cooling
- D. Heat stored in a substance due to its position
Answer: A. Heat required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature
Latent heat is the energy required for a phase change (solid to liquid or liquid to gas) at constant temperature.
Latent heat is the energy required for a phase change (solid to liquid or liquid to gas) at constant temperature.
A metal rod of length L₀ at temperature T₀ is heated to temperature T. If α is the coefficient of linear expansion, what is the new length?
- A. L = L₀[1 + α(T - T₀)]
- B. L = L₀ + α(T - T₀)
- C. L = L₀α(T - T₀)
- D. L = L₀(T - T₀)/α
Answer: A. L = L₀[1 + α(T - T₀)]
The formula for linear thermal expansion is L = L₀[1 + α(T - T₀)], where α is the coefficient of linear expansion.
The formula for linear thermal expansion is L = L₀[1 + α(T - T₀)], where α is the coefficient of linear expansion.
A calorimeter contains 200 g of water at 20°C. When 100 g of hot water at 80°C is added, the final temperature is 40°C. Calculate the heat lost by hot water (ignoring calorimeter heat capacity). [Specific heat of water = 4200 J/kg·K]
- A. 33.6 kJ
- B. 33600 J
- C. Both A and B
- D. 16.8 kJ
Answer: C. Both A and B
Heat lost by hot water = mcΔT = 0.1 × 4200 × (80-40) = 16,800 J = 16.8 kJ. Options A and B express the same value in different units.
Heat lost by hot water = mcΔT = 0.1 × 4200 × (80-40) = 16,800 J = 16.8 kJ. Options A and B express the same value in different units.
Two identical copper rods are heated from 0°C to 100°C. Rod A has initial length 1 m and Rod B has initial length 2 m. Which statement is correct?
- A. Rod A expands more than Rod B
- B. Rod B expands more than Rod A
- C. Both expand by the same amount
- D. The expansion depends on the mass, not length
Answer: B. Rod B expands more than Rod A
Linear expansion is ΔL = L₀αΔT. Since Rod B has twice the initial length, it expands twice as much as Rod A for the same temperature change.
Linear expansion is ΔL = L₀αΔT. Since Rod B has twice the initial length, it expands twice as much as Rod A for the same temperature change.
A piece of ice at -10°C is converted to steam at 100°C. Arrange the processes in order of heat required: (1) Heating ice from -10°C to 0°C (2) Melting ice at 0°C (3) Heating water from 0°C to 100°C (4) Vaporizing water at 100°C. Given: specific heat of ice = 2100 J/kg·K, latent heat of fusion = 3.34 × 10⁵ J/kg, specific heat of water = 4200 J/kg·K, latent heat of vaporization = 2.26 × 10⁶ J/kg
- A. Process 4 requires the most heat
- B. Process 2 requires the most heat
- C. Process 3 requires the most heat
- D. Processes 2 and 4 require equal heat
Answer: A. Process 4 requires the most heat
Process 4 requires 2.26 × 10⁶ J/kg which is the largest, followed by process 2 (3.34 × 10⁵ J/kg), process 3 (4.2 × 10⁵ J/kg), and process 1 (2.1 × 10⁴ J/kg).
Process 4 requires 2.26 × 10⁶ J/kg which is the largest, followed by process 2 (3.34 × 10⁵ J/kg), process 3 (4.2 × 10⁵ J/kg), and process 1 (2.1 × 10⁴ J/kg).
A metal wire is suspended from a fixed point. When its temperature increases, its length increases due to thermal expansion. However, the period of oscillation when it swings as a pendulum may not change significantly. This is because:
- A. The increase in length is compensated by the increase in mass
- B. The gravitational acceleration increases with temperature
- C. The period T = 2π√(L/g) depends on the ratio of length to gravity, and both effects partly cancel
- D. Thermal expansion does not affect pendulum motion
Answer: C. The period T = 2π√(L/g) depends on the ratio of length to gravity, and both effects partly cancel
Since T ∝ √L and L increases by a small factor related to α, the period changes slightly, but the effect is limited by the typically small expansion coefficient.
Since T ∝ √L and L increases by a small factor related to α, the period changes slightly, but the effect is limited by the typically small expansion coefficient.
A copper vessel contains ice at -20°C. When hot water is poured into it, the sequence of thermal processes that occurs includes: (1) heating ice (2) melting ice (3) heating water mixture (4) possibly heating the vessel. The heat required to melt all the ice can be calculated, but there's a practical consideration: the actual final temperature will be different from the theoretical prediction if:
- A. The latent heat values are approximate
- B. Heat is lost to the surroundings during the process
- C. The specific heat capacities are temperature-dependent
- D. All of the above are possible sources of deviation
Answer: D. All of the above are possible sources of deviation
Real-world calorimetry is affected by heat losses to surroundings, temperature-dependent specific heat values, and the approximate nature of physical constants used in calculations.
Real-world calorimetry is affected by heat losses to surroundings, temperature-dependent specific heat values, and the approximate nature of physical constants used in calculations.