Chapter-13 Mineral and Energy Resources — Online MCQ Test
GEOGRAPHY · Grade 12 · CBSE(NCERT)
Practice Chapter-13 Mineral and Energy Resources with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test.
This chapter covers: metallic minerals - non-metallic minerals - coal - petroleum - solar energy - wind energy - nuclear energy.
AI-generated questions from basic to board-exam level, with instant results and explanations.
Chapter-13 Mineral and Energy Resources — Important Questions & Answers
Which of the following is a metallic mineral?
- A. Iron ore
- B. Limestone
- C. Mica
- D. Gypsum
Answer: A. Iron ore
Iron ore is a metallic mineral that contains iron metal. Limestone, mica, and gypsum are non-metallic minerals.
Iron ore is a metallic mineral that contains iron metal. Limestone, mica, and gypsum are non-metallic minerals.
Which state in India is the largest producer of coal?
- A. Chhattisgarh
- B. Odisha
- C. Jharkhand
- D. West Bengal
Answer: A. Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh is the largest coal-producing state in India, followed by Odisha. It has vast coal reserves and multiple mining operations.
Chhattisgarh is the largest coal-producing state in India, followed by Odisha. It has vast coal reserves and multiple mining operations.
What is the primary use of mica as a mineral?
- A. Making cement
- B. Electrical insulation and heat resistance
- C. Steel production
- D. Fertilizer production
Answer: B. Electrical insulation and heat resistance
Mica is a non-metallic mineral widely used for electrical insulation, as a dielectric material, and for heat resistance in industries.
Mica is a non-metallic mineral widely used for electrical insulation, as a dielectric material, and for heat resistance in industries.
Which of the following is NOT a source of renewable energy?
- A. Solar energy
- B. Wind energy
- C. Coal
- D. Hydroelectric energy
Answer: C. Coal
Coal is a non-renewable fossil fuel formed over millions of years. Solar, wind, and hydroelectric energy are renewable sources.
Coal is a non-renewable fossil fuel formed over millions of years. Solar, wind, and hydroelectric energy are renewable sources.
Which of the following best describes non-metallic minerals?
- A. They always contain metals in their composition
- B. They do not yield metal but have industrial value like limestone and mica
- C. They are only used for jewelry
- D. They are more valuable than metallic minerals
Answer: B. They do not yield metal but have industrial value like limestone and mica
Non-metallic minerals do not contain metal elements but have significant industrial applications in construction, manufacturing, and chemical industries.
Non-metallic minerals do not contain metal elements but have significant industrial applications in construction, manufacturing, and chemical industries.
How does the formation of coal differ from petroleum?
- A. Coal forms from animal remains; petroleum from plant remains
- B. Coal forms from plant remains in swamps; petroleum from marine organisms in sedimentary basins
- C. Both form identically from organic matter
- D. Coal requires more heat than petroleum to form
Answer: B. Coal forms from plant remains in swamps; petroleum from marine organisms in sedimentary basins
Coal forms from accumulated plant material in ancient swamps and forests, while petroleum forms from marine organisms buried in sedimentary rocks under heat and pressure.
Coal forms from accumulated plant material in ancient swamps and forests, while petroleum forms from marine organisms buried in sedimentary rocks under heat and pressure.
Analyze the relationship between mineral exploitation and environmental degradation in India.
- A. Mining has no environmental impact
- B. Mining causes soil erosion, water pollution, and habitat loss, requiring sustainable mining practices and environmental restoration
- C. Only coal mining causes environmental damage
- D. Environmental degradation is unrelated to mineral extraction
Answer: B. Mining causes soil erosion, water pollution, and habitat loss, requiring sustainable mining practices and environmental restoration
Mineral extraction, whether coal, metallic, or non-metallic, disrupts ecosystems, contaminates water sources, causes air pollution, and requires comprehensive environmental management.
Mineral extraction, whether coal, metallic, or non-metallic, disrupts ecosystems, contaminates water sources, causes air pollution, and requires comprehensive environmental management.
Compare the energy output and environmental implications of coal versus renewable sources like solar and wind.
- A. Coal provides more energy but pollutes; renewables produce less but are clean
- B. Both have identical environmental impacts but different costs
- C. Coal is always superior to renewable sources
- D. Renewables cannot compete with coal's energy output
Answer: A. Coal provides more energy but pollutes; renewables produce less but are clean
While coal historically provided higher energy output, renewable sources are becoming increasingly efficient and cost-effective while avoiding greenhouse gas emissions and long-term environmental damage.
While coal historically provided higher energy output, renewable sources are becoming increasingly efficient and cost-effective while avoiding greenhouse gas emissions and long-term environmental damage.
Why do petroleum-producing countries with depleting reserves increasingly invest in renewable energy infrastructure despite revenue from oil exports?
- A. Petroleum is no longer valuable
- B. Reserves are finite; long-term economic security requires transitioning to sustainable energy sources
- C. Renewable energy provides immediate higher profits than petroleum
- D. Environmental concerns are irrelevant to petroleum producers
Answer: B. Reserves are finite; long-term economic security requires transitioning to sustainable energy sources
Petroleum reserves deplete over time; countries invest in renewables for economic sustainability beyond fossil fuel dependence and to address global climate commitments.
Petroleum reserves deplete over time; countries invest in renewables for economic sustainability beyond fossil fuel dependence and to address global climate commitments.
Which of the following is a critical limitation of using solar energy as India's primary energy source at present?
- A. Solar energy doesn't exist in India
- B. Intermittency due to weather and seasonal variation; requires energy storage solutions and backup systems for grid stability
- C. Solar panels are permanently damaged by rain
- D. Solar energy can only be used in deserts
Answer: B. Intermittency due to weather and seasonal variation; requires energy storage solutions and backup systems for grid stability
While India has abundant solar potential, intermittency is a significant challenge. Cloud cover, seasonal variation, and night-time require battery storage and hybrid systems for reliable power supply.
While India has abundant solar potential, intermittency is a significant challenge. Cloud cover, seasonal variation, and night-time require battery storage and hybrid systems for reliable power supply.