Chapter 11: Bioremediation — Online MCQ Test
BIOTECHNOLOGY · Grade 12 · CBSE(NCERT)
Practice Chapter 11: Bioremediation with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test.
This chapter covers: Bioremediation Microorganisms Biodegradation Oil Spill Plastic Degradation Heavy Metals Waste Treatment Environmental Biotechnology Phytoremediation Pollution Control.
AI-generated questions from basic to board-exam level, with instant results and explanations.
Chapter 11: Bioremediation — Important Questions & Answers
Bioremediation is best defined as the use of ________ to remove or detoxify environmental pollutants.
- A. living organisms or their enzymes
- B. only chemical disinfectants
- C. only high temperature incineration
- D. only physical filtration
Answer: A. living organisms or their enzymes
Bioremediation uses microorganisms, plants, or their enzymes to degrade, transform, or immobilize pollutants.
Bioremediation uses microorganisms, plants, or their enzymes to degrade, transform, or immobilize pollutants.
Which group of organisms is most commonly involved in biodegradation of organic pollutants?
- A. Microorganisms
- B. Birds
- C. Mammals
- D. Reptiles
Answer: A. Microorganisms
Bacteria and fungi are the major biological agents that degrade organic pollutants due to their diverse metabolic abilities.
Bacteria and fungi are the major biological agents that degrade organic pollutants due to their diverse metabolic abilities.
In an oil-contaminated soil, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are added to promote growth of native oil-degrading microbes. This approach is called:
- A. Biostimulation
- B. Bioaugmentation
- C. Sterilization
- D. Incineration
Answer: A. Biostimulation
Biostimulation improves the activity of existing microbes by adding nutrients, oxygen, or other growth-promoting factors.
Biostimulation improves the activity of existing microbes by adding nutrients, oxygen, or other growth-promoting factors.
A metal-contaminated soil is planted with hyperaccumulator plants, which are later harvested and safely disposed. This is an example of:
- A. Phytoextraction
- B. Phytostabilization
- C. Pasteurization
- D. Photolysis
Answer: A. Phytoextraction
Phytoextraction involves uptake of metals into harvestable plant parts, reducing pollutant load in soil.
Phytoextraction involves uptake of metals into harvestable plant parts, reducing pollutant load in soil.
A contaminated soil is excavated and treated in a controlled bioreactor after adding specialized degrading bacteria and nutrients. Which combination correctly describes the process?
- A. Ex situ bioremediation with bioaugmentation and biostimulation
- B. In situ bioremediation with only natural attenuation
- C. Phytoremediation with no microbial role
- D. Physical filtration without biological treatment
Answer: A. Ex situ bioremediation with bioaugmentation and biostimulation
Excavation makes it ex situ, addition of degrading bacteria is bioaugmentation, and addition of nutrients is biostimulation.
Excavation makes it ex situ, addition of degrading bacteria is bioaugmentation, and addition of nutrients is biostimulation.