Unit 10: Ecology and Environment — Online MCQ Test
BIOLOGY · NEET (All) · NEET
Practice Unit 10: Ecology and Environment with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test.
This chapter covers: Organisms and environmentPopulation interactions-mutualism competition predation parasitism; Population attributes-growth birth rate and death rate age distribution. Ecosystem: Pat....
AI-generated questions from basic to board-exam level, with instant results and explanations.
Unit 10: Ecology and Environment — Important Questions & Answers
Which of the following is not an attribute of a population?
- A. Natality
- B. Mortality
- C. Species interaction
- D. Sex ratio
Answer: C. Species interaction
Attributes of a population include birth rate (natality), death rate (mortality), sex ratio, and age distribution. Species interaction is an attribute of a community.
Attributes of a population include birth rate (natality), death rate (mortality), sex ratio, and age distribution. Species interaction is an attribute of a community.
Montreal protocol was signed in 1987 for control of:
- A. Emission of ozone depleting substances
- B. Release of Green House gases
- C. Disposal of e-wastes
- D. Transport of Genetically modified organisms from one country to another
Answer: A. Emission of ozone depleting substances
The Montreal Protocol was an international agreement designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances, primarily CFCs.
The Montreal Protocol was an international agreement designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances, primarily CFCs.
Match the trophic levels with their correct species examples in a grassland ecosystem. (a) Fourth trophic level | (i) Crow (b) Second trophic level | (ii) Vulture (c) First trophic level | (iii) Rabbit (d) Third trophic level | (iv) Grass
- A. (a)(b)(c)(d) -> (iii)(ii)(i)(iv)
- B. (a)(b)(c)(d) -> (iv)(iii)(ii)(i)
- C. (a)(b)(c)(d) -> (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)
- D. (a)(b)(c)(d) -> (ii)(iii)(iv)(i)
Answer: D. (a)(b)(c)(d) -> (ii)(iii)(iv)(i)
In a grassland: First trophic level (producers) is Grass (iv). Second trophic level (primary consumers) is Rabbit (iii). Third trophic level (secondary consumers) is Crow (i). Fourth trophic level (tertiary/apex consumers) is Vulture (ii). The correct mapping is (a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i).
In a grassland: First trophic level (producers) is Grass (iv). Second trophic level (primary consumers) is Rabbit (iii). Third trophic level (secondary consumers) is Crow (i). Fourth trophic level (tertiary/apex consumers) is Vulture (ii). The correct mapping is (a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i).
Snow-blindness in Antarctic region is due to:
- A. Inflammation of cornea due to high dose of UV-B radiation
- B. High reflection of light from snow
- C. Damage to retina caused by infra-red rays
- D. Freezing of fluids in the eye by low temperature
Answer: A. Inflammation of cornea due to high dose of UV-B radiation
Snow-blindness is caused by inflammation of the cornea due to high doses of UV-B radiation reflected from snow.
Snow-blindness is caused by inflammation of the cornea due to high doses of UV-B radiation reflected from snow.
In water hyacinth and water lily, pollination takes place by:
- A. water currents only
- B. wind and water
- C. insects and water
- D. insects or wind
Answer: D. insects or wind
Although these are aquatic plants, their flowers emerge above water level and are pollinated by insects or wind.
Although these are aquatic plants, their flowers emerge above water level and are pollinated by insects or wind.
Which of the following regions of the globe exhibits highest species diversity?
- A. Madagascar
- B. Himalayas
- C. Amazon forests
- D. Western Ghats of India
Answer: C. Amazon forests
The Amazon rain forests (South America) have the greatest biodiversity on Earth.
The Amazon rain forests (South America) have the greatest biodiversity on Earth.
Which of the following is put into Anaerobic sludge digester for further sewage treatment?
- A. Floating debris
- B. Effluents of primary treatment
- C. Activated sludge
- D. Primary sludge
Answer: C. Activated sludge
The activated sludge produced after aeration is pumped into an anaerobic sludge digester for digestion by anaerobic bacteria.
The activated sludge produced after aeration is pumped into an anaerobic sludge digester for digestion by anaerobic bacteria.
Who is known as the father of Ecology in India?
- A. S. R. Kashyap
- B. Ramdeo Misra
- C. Ram Udar
- D. Birbal Sahni
Answer: B. Ramdeo Misra
Ramdeo Misra is widely recognised as the father of Ecology in India due to his pioneering work in ecological research and education.
Ramdeo Misra is widely recognised as the father of Ecology in India due to his pioneering work in ecological research and education.
What type of ecological pyramid would be obtained with the following data? Secondary consumer: 120 g, Primary consumer: 60 g, Primary producer: 10 g
- A. Inverted pyramid of biomass
- B. Pyramid of energy
- C. Upright pyramid of numbers
- D. Upright pyramid of biomass
Answer: A. Inverted pyramid of biomass
Since the mass of primary producers is the lowest and secondary consumers the highest, the pyramid is inverted.
Since the mass of primary producers is the lowest and secondary consumers the highest, the pyramid is inverted.
Which one of the following population interactions is widely used in medical science for the production of antibiotics?
- A. Parasitism
- B. Mutualism
- C. Commensalism
- D. Amensalism
Answer: D. Amensalism
Amensalism is an interaction where one organism is harmed and the other is unaffected. The classic example is the production of antibiotics (e.g., penicillin by Penicillium fungus), which inhibit the growth of bacteria — the bacterium is harmed while the fungus is unaffected. This principle of amensalism is widely exploited in medical science for antibiotic production.
Amensalism is an interaction where one organism is harmed and the other is unaffected. The classic example is the production of antibiotics (e.g., penicillin by Penicillium fungus), which inhibit the growth of bacteria — the bacterium is harmed while the fungus is unaffected. This principle of amensalism is widely exploited in medical science for antibiotic production.