Chapter 4: Microbial Metabolism — Online MCQ Test
MICROBIOLOGY · CLASS 12th · Tamil Nadu State Board
Practice Chapter 4: Microbial Metabolism with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test.
This chapter covers: Diving into cellular biochemistry this chapter explores how microorganisms acquire energy and nutrients to sustain life. It details catabolic and anabolic pathways including glycol....
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Chapter 4: Microbial Metabolism — Important Questions & Answers
What is the main function of microbial metabolism?
- A. To produce antibodies
- B. To obtain energy and build cellular components
- C. To destroy host cells
- D. To form spores only
Answer: B. To obtain energy and build cellular components
Metabolism includes all chemical reactions in a cell. It helps microorganisms obtain energy and synthesize materials needed for growth and maintenance.
Metabolism includes all chemical reactions in a cell. It helps microorganisms obtain energy and synthesize materials needed for growth and maintenance.
Which process is the first stage of glucose breakdown in many microorganisms?
- A. Krebs cycle
- B. Electron transport chain
- C. Glycolysis
- D. Fermentation
Answer: C. Glycolysis
Glycolysis is the initial pathway in glucose catabolism. It converts glucose into pyruvate and releases some energy.
Glycolysis is the initial pathway in glucose catabolism. It converts glucose into pyruvate and releases some energy.
Which statement best describes catabolism?
- A. Building complex molecules from simple ones
- B. Breaking down complex molecules to release energy
- C. Storing genetic information
- D. Transporting nutrients across the membrane
Answer: B. Breaking down complex molecules to release energy
Catabolism involves the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones. This process releases energy that cells can use.
Catabolism involves the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones. This process releases energy that cells can use.
A culture grows in the absence of oxygen and produces lactic acid. Which pathway is most likely active?
- A. Krebs cycle
- B. Lactic acid fermentation
- C. Electron transport chain
- D. Calvin cycle
Answer: B. Lactic acid fermentation
Lactic acid fermentation occurs without oxygen and produces lactic acid as an end product. It helps regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis.
Lactic acid fermentation occurs without oxygen and produces lactic acid as an end product. It helps regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis.
A student claims that fermentation and respiration are the same because both begin with glycolysis. Which is the best response?
- A. Correct, because both produce the same amount of ATP
- B. Incorrect, because respiration uses an electron transport chain and fermentation does not
- C. Correct, because both require oxygen
- D. Incorrect, because glycolysis does not occur in respiration
Answer: B. Incorrect, because respiration uses an electron transport chain and fermentation does not
Both pathways can begin with glycolysis, but respiration continues through the electron transport chain, while fermentation does not. This makes their energy yield and end products different.
Both pathways can begin with glycolysis, but respiration continues through the electron transport chain, while fermentation does not. This makes their energy yield and end products different.