Chapter 7: Basic Processes — Online MCQ Test
BIOTECHNOLOGY · Grade 11 · CBSE(NCERT)
Practice Chapter 7: Basic Processes with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test.
This chapter covers: DNA replication transcription translation central dogma RNA protein synthesis genetic code gene expression molecular biology replication enzymes.
AI-generated questions from basic to board-exam level, with instant results and explanations.
Chapter 7: Basic Processes — Important Questions & Answers
What is the correct sequence of the central dogma of molecular biology?
- A. Protein → RNA → DNA
- B. DNA → RNA → Protein
- C. RNA → DNA → Protein
- D. DNA → Protein → RNA
Answer: B. DNA → RNA → Protein
The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA and then to protein.
The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA and then to protein.
Which enzyme synthesizes a new DNA strand during replication?
- A. DNA ligase
- B. RNA polymerase
- C. DNA polymerase
- D. Helicase
Answer: C. DNA polymerase
DNA polymerase adds deoxyribonucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.
DNA polymerase adds deoxyribonucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.
During DNA replication, the enzyme that unwinds the double helix is:
- A. Ligase
- B. Helicase
- C. Primase
- D. Topoisomerase
Answer: B. Helicase
Helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between DNA strands and separates them for replication.
Helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between DNA strands and separates them for replication.
During DNA replication, one strand is synthesized continuously while the other is synthesized in fragments because:
- A. DNA polymerase works only on one strand
- B. The two DNA strands are parallel
- C. DNA polymerase can add nucleotides only in the 5' to 3' direction
- D. Helicase stops acting on one strand
Answer: C. DNA polymerase can add nucleotides only in the 5' to 3' direction
Because DNA polymerase synthesizes only in the 5' to 3' direction, the lagging strand is made discontinuously as fragments.
Because DNA polymerase synthesizes only in the 5' to 3' direction, the lagging strand is made discontinuously as fragments.
If the start codon AUG is mutated to AUA in mRNA, what is the most likely effect?
- A. Translation will start normally with methionine
- B. The ribosome will recognize AUA as a stop codon
- C. Translation initiation may fail because the start codon is altered
- D. DNA replication will stop
Answer: C. Translation initiation may fail because the start codon is altered
AUG is the usual start codon for translation. Changing it may prevent proper initiation of protein synthesis.
AUG is the usual start codon for translation. Changing it may prevent proper initiation of protein synthesis.