Chapter Exam

Chapter 7: Basic Processes — Online MCQ Test

Q: What is the correct sequence of the central dogma of molecular biology?

Answer: B. DNA → RNA → Protein — The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA and then to protein.

Q: Which enzyme synthesizes a new DNA strand during replication?

Answer: C. DNA polymerase — DNA polymerase adds deoxyribonucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Q: During DNA replication, the enzyme that unwinds the double helix is:

Answer: B. Helicase — Helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between DNA strands and separates them for replication.

BIOTECHNOLOGY · Grade 11 · CBSE(NCERT)

Practice Chapter 7: Basic Processes with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test for CBSE(NCERT) Grade 11 BIOTECHNOLOGY. This chapter covers: DNA replication transcription translation central dogma RNA protein synthesis genetic code gene expression molecular biology replication enzymes. AI-generated questions from basic to board-exam level, with instant results and explanations.

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Chapter 7: Basic Processes — Important Questions & Answers (FAQ)

Frequently asked questions from CBSE(NCERT) Grade 11 BIOTECHNOLOGY — Chapter 7: Basic Processes, with answers and explanations. These are sample questions; the exam has its own separate question set.

What is the correct sequence of the central dogma of molecular biology?

A. Protein → RNA → DNA
B. DNA → RNA → Protein ✓
C. RNA → DNA → Protein
D. DNA → Protein → RNA

Answer: B. DNA → RNA → Protein
The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA and then to protein.

Which enzyme synthesizes a new DNA strand during replication?

A. DNA ligase
B. RNA polymerase
C. DNA polymerase ✓
D. Helicase

Answer: C. DNA polymerase
DNA polymerase adds deoxyribonucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

During DNA replication, the enzyme that unwinds the double helix is:

A. Ligase
B. Helicase ✓
C. Primase
D. Topoisomerase

Answer: B. Helicase
Helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between DNA strands and separates them for replication.

During DNA replication, one strand is synthesized continuously while the other is synthesized in fragments because:

A. DNA polymerase works only on one strand
B. The two DNA strands are parallel
C. DNA polymerase can add nucleotides only in the 5' to 3' direction ✓
D. Helicase stops acting on one strand

Answer: C. DNA polymerase can add nucleotides only in the 5' to 3' direction
Because DNA polymerase synthesizes only in the 5' to 3' direction, the lagging strand is made discontinuously as fragments.

If the start codon AUG is mutated to AUA in mRNA, what is the most likely effect?

A. Translation will start normally with methionine
B. The ribosome will recognize AUA as a stop codon
C. Translation initiation may fail because the start codon is altered ✓
D. DNA replication will stop

Answer: C. Translation initiation may fail because the start codon is altered
AUG is the usual start codon for translation. Changing it may prevent proper initiation of protein synthesis.