Chapter 14: Microbial Genetics — Online MCQ Test
MICROBIOLOGY · CLASS 11th · Tamil Nadu State Board
Practice Chapter 14: Microbial Genetics with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test.
This chapter covers: The final chapter covers bacterial DNA replication gene expression mutations and horizontal gene transfer mechanisms transformation conjugation and transduction. Students study pla....
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Chapter 14: Microbial Genetics — Important Questions & Answers
Which of the following is considered the primary genetic material in bacteria?
- A. Double-stranded DNA
- B. Single-stranded RNA
- C. Plasmids only
- D. Protein-DNA complexes
Answer: A. Double-stranded DNA
Bacterial genomes consist of a single, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule.
Bacterial genomes consist of a single, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule.
The process of transferring naked DNA from the environment into a bacterial cell is known as:
- A. Conjugation
- B. Transduction
- C. Transformation
- D. Recombination
Answer: C. Transformation
Transformation is the uptake of naked foreign DNA by a competent bacterial cell.
Transformation is the uptake of naked foreign DNA by a competent bacterial cell.
Which of the following is essential for conjugation in bacteria?
- A. Bacteriophage
- B. Competent cells
- C. Sex pilus
- D. UV radiation
Answer: C. Sex pilus
The sex pilus is a structure used by donor bacteria to attach to recipient cells during conjugation.
The sex pilus is a structure used by donor bacteria to attach to recipient cells during conjugation.
If a bacterial strain lacks the ability to undergo transformation, it is referred to as:
- A. Competent
- B. Non-competent
- C. Auxotrophic
- D. Prototrophic
Answer: B. Non-competent
Competence refers to the physiological state that allows a bacterium to take up exogenous DNA; lack of this makes it non-competent.
Competence refers to the physiological state that allows a bacterium to take up exogenous DNA; lack of this makes it non-competent.
Which of the following scenarios best describes 'Specialized Transduction'?
- A. Random host DNA is packaged into the phage head
- B. Only specific host genes adjacent to the prophage integration site are transferred
- C. Plasmids are transferred between bacterial cells
- D. Transformation occurs via viral assistance
Answer: B. Only specific host genes adjacent to the prophage integration site are transferred
Specialized transduction occurs when prophage excision is imprecise, transferring specific bacterial genes adjacent to the phage attachment site.
Specialized transduction occurs when prophage excision is imprecise, transferring specific bacterial genes adjacent to the phage attachment site.