Chapter Exam

Chapter 14: Microbial Genetics — Online MCQ Test

Q: Which of the following is considered the primary genetic material in bacteria?

Answer: A. Double-stranded DNA — Bacterial genomes consist of a single, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule.

Q: The process of transferring naked DNA from the environment into a bacterial cell is known as:

Answer: C. Transformation — Transformation is the uptake of naked foreign DNA by a competent bacterial cell.

Q: Which of the following is essential for conjugation in bacteria?

Answer: C. Sex pilus — The sex pilus is a structure used by donor bacteria to attach to recipient cells during conjugation.

Q: If a bacterial strain lacks the ability to undergo transformation, it is referred to as:

Answer: B. Non-competent — Competence refers to the physiological state that allows a bacterium to take up exogenous DNA; lack of this makes it non-competent.

MICROBIOLOGY · CLASS 11th · Tamil Nadu State Board

Practice Chapter 14: Microbial Genetics with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test for Tamil Nadu State Board CLASS 11th MICROBIOLOGY. This chapter covers: The final chapter covers bacterial DNA replication gene expression mutations and horizontal gene transfer mechanisms transformation conjugation and transduction. Students study pla.... AI-generated questions from basic to board-exam level, with instant results and explanations.

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Chapter 14: Microbial Genetics — Important Questions & Answers (FAQ)

Frequently asked questions from Tamil Nadu State Board CLASS 11th MICROBIOLOGY — Chapter 14: Microbial Genetics, with answers and explanations. These are sample questions; the exam has its own separate question set.

Which of the following is considered the primary genetic material in bacteria?

A. Double-stranded DNA ✓
B. Single-stranded RNA
C. Plasmids only
D. Protein-DNA complexes

Answer: A. Double-stranded DNA
Bacterial genomes consist of a single, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule.

The process of transferring naked DNA from the environment into a bacterial cell is known as:

A. Conjugation
B. Transduction
C. Transformation ✓
D. Recombination

Answer: C. Transformation
Transformation is the uptake of naked foreign DNA by a competent bacterial cell.

Which of the following is essential for conjugation in bacteria?

A. Bacteriophage
B. Competent cells
C. Sex pilus ✓
D. UV radiation

Answer: C. Sex pilus
The sex pilus is a structure used by donor bacteria to attach to recipient cells during conjugation.

If a bacterial strain lacks the ability to undergo transformation, it is referred to as:

A. Competent
B. Non-competent ✓
C. Auxotrophic
D. Prototrophic

Answer: B. Non-competent
Competence refers to the physiological state that allows a bacterium to take up exogenous DNA; lack of this makes it non-competent.

Which of the following scenarios best describes 'Specialized Transduction'?

A. Random host DNA is packaged into the phage head
B. Only specific host genes adjacent to the prophage integration site are transferred ✓
C. Plasmids are transferred between bacterial cells
D. Transformation occurs via viral assistance

Answer: B. Only specific host genes adjacent to the prophage integration site are transferred
Specialized transduction occurs when prophage excision is imprecise, transferring specific bacterial genes adjacent to the phage attachment site.

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