Chapter Exam

Unit 9: Biotechnology and Its Applications — Online MCQ Test

Q: Bt cotton variety that was developed by the introduction of toxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is resistant to :

Answer: D. Insect pests — Bt cotton is genetically modified to produce insecticidal proteins (Cry proteins) that are toxic to specific insect pests (e.g., bollworms).

Q: Match the following columns and select the correct option: (a) Bt cotton, (b) Adenosine deaminase deficiency, (c) RNAi, (d) PCR.

Answer: D. 4) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii) — Bt cotton uses Bacillus thuringiensis (a-iv). Adenosine deaminase deficiency is treated by gene therapy (b-i). RNAi is for cellular defense (c-ii). PCR is used for detection of HIV (d-iii).

Q: The specific palindromic sequence which is recognized by EcoRI is:

Answer: D. 5' - GAATTC - 3' / 3' - CTTAAG - 5' — EcoRI recognizes the palindromic sequence 5'-GAATTC-3', which is cleaved between G and A.

Q: In gel electrophoresis, separated DNA fragments can be visualized with the help of:

Answer: A. Ethidium bromide in UV radiation — Ethidium bromide is an intercalating dye that fluoresces orange under UV light, used to detect DNA in agarose gels.

Q: The sequence that controls the copy number of the linked DNA in the vector, is termed:

Answer: A. Ori site — The Origin of replication (Ori) site is the sequence where replication starts and it controls the copy number of the DNA insert.

Q: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies DNA following the equation.

Answer: B. 2^n — PCR amplification follows exponential growth represented by 2 to the power of n cycles.

Q: In the above represented plasmid an alien piece of DNA is inserted at EcoRI site. Which of the following strategies will be chosen to select the recombinant colonies?

Answer: C. White color colonies will be selected. — Insertion of foreign DNA at a site within the lacZ gene (blue-white screening) results in insertional inactivation of the gene, causing colonies to remain white instead of blue.

Q: The taq polymerase enzyme is obtained from:

Answer: A. Thermus aquaticus — Taq polymerase is a thermostable DNA polymerase isolated from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus.

Q: Use of bioresources by multinational companies and organisations without authorisation from the concerned country and its people is called

Answer: D. Biopiracy — Biopiracy refers to the use of bioresources by companies without proper authorization or compensatory payment to the concerned countries and their people.

BIOLOGY · NEET (All) · NEET

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Unit 9: Biotechnology and Its Applications — Important Questions & Answers (FAQ)

Frequently asked questions from NEET NEET (All) BIOLOGY — Unit 9: Biotechnology and Its Applications, with answers and explanations. These are sample questions; the exam has its own separate question set.

Bt cotton variety that was developed by the introduction of toxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is resistant to :

A. Fungal diseases
B. Plant nematodes
C. Insect predators
D. Insect pests ✓

Answer: D. Insect pests
Bt cotton is genetically modified to produce insecticidal proteins (Cry proteins) that are toxic to specific insect pests (e.g., bollworms).

Identify the wrong statement with regard to Restriction Enzymes.

A. They cut the strand of DNA at palindromic sites.
B. They are useful in genetic engineering.
C. Sticky ends can be joined by using DNA ligases.
D. Each restriction enzyme functions by inspecting the length of a DNA sequence. ✓

Answer: D. Each restriction enzyme functions by inspecting the length of a DNA sequence.
Restriction enzymes do not inspect the length; they inspect the specific nucleotide sequence (recognition site) to cut DNA.

Match the following columns and select the correct option: (a) Bt cotton, (b) Adenosine deaminase deficiency, (c) RNAi, (d) PCR.

A. 1) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii) (Error in text mapping)
B. 2) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i) (Error in text mapping)
C. 3) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (Error in text mapping)
D. 4) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii) ✓

Answer: D. 4) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
Bt cotton uses Bacillus thuringiensis (a-iv). Adenosine deaminase deficiency is treated by gene therapy (b-i). RNAi is for cellular defense (c-ii). PCR is used for detection of HIV (d-iii).

The specific palindromic sequence which is recognized by EcoRI is:

A. 5' - GGAACC - 3' / 3'- CCTTGG-5'
B. 5' - CTTAAG - 3' / 3' - GAATTC - 5'
C. 5' - GGATCC - 3' / 3' - CCTAGG - 5'
D. 5' - GAATTC - 3' / 3' - CTTAAG - 5' ✓

Answer: D. 5' - GAATTC - 3' / 3' - CTTAAG - 5'
EcoRI recognizes the palindromic sequence 5'-GAATTC-3', which is cleaved between G and A.

In gel electrophoresis, separated DNA fragments can be visualized with the help of:

A. Ethidium bromide in UV radiation ✓
B. Acetocarmine in UV radiation
C. Ethidium bromide in infrared radiation
D. Acetocarmine in bright blue light

Answer: A. Ethidium bromide in UV radiation
Ethidium bromide is an intercalating dye that fluoresces orange under UV light, used to detect DNA in agarose gels.

The sequence that controls the copy number of the linked DNA in the vector, is termed:

A. Ori site ✓
B. Palindromic sequence
C. Recognition site
D. Selectable marker

Answer: A. Ori site
The Origin of replication (Ori) site is the sequence where replication starts and it controls the copy number of the DNA insert.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies DNA following the equation.

A. N2
B. 2^n ✓
C. 2n + 1
D. 2N2

Answer: B. 2^n
PCR amplification follows exponential growth represented by 2 to the power of n cycles.

In the above represented plasmid an alien piece of DNA is inserted at EcoRI site. Which of the following strategies will be chosen to select the recombinant colonies?

A. Using ampicillin & tetracyclin containing medium plate.
B. Blue color colonies will be selected.
C. White color colonies will be selected. ✓
D. Blue color colonies grown on ampicillin plates can be selected.

Answer: C. White color colonies will be selected.
Insertion of foreign DNA at a site within the lacZ gene (blue-white screening) results in insertional inactivation of the gene, causing colonies to remain white instead of blue.

The taq polymerase enzyme is obtained from:

A. Thermus aquaticus ✓
B. Thiobacillus ferroxidans
C. Bacillus subtilis
D. Pseudomonas putida

Answer: A. Thermus aquaticus
Taq polymerase is a thermostable DNA polymerase isolated from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus.

Use of bioresources by multinational companies and organisations without authorisation from the concerned country and its people is called

A. Bio-infringement
B. Bioexploitation
C. Biodegradation
D. Biopiracy ✓

Answer: D. Biopiracy
Biopiracy refers to the use of bioresources by companies without proper authorization or compensatory payment to the concerned countries and their people.

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