Chapter Exam

Chapter 5: Genome Technology and Engineering — Online MCQ Test

Q: In Sanger DNA sequencing, chain termination occurs due to the incorporation of:

Answer: B. Dideoxyribonucleotides — Dideoxyribonucleotides lack a 3'-OH group, so no further nucleotide can be added after their incorporation.

Q: In Sanger sequencing, DNA fragments are separated by electrophoresis. To read the sequence correctly from a gel, fragments are generally read from:

Answer: B. Smallest to largest — Smaller DNA fragments migrate farther, so the sequence is read from the smallest fragment upward to determine the newly synthesized strand.

Q: For sequencing hundreds of microbial genomes rapidly and at lower cost per base, which approach is generally more suitable?

Answer: A. Next-generation sequencing — Next-generation sequencing allows massively parallel sequencing, making it suitable for large-scale genome projects.

Q: For the commonly used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 system, a target site is suitable only if it is located next to which PAM sequence?

Answer: A. 5'-NGG-3' — SpCas9 recognizes a PAM sequence of 5'-NGG-3' adjacent to the target DNA, where N can be any nucleotide.

BIOTECHNOLOGY · Grade 12 · CBSE(NCERT)

Practice Chapter 5: Genome Technology and Engineering with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test for CBSE(NCERT) Grade 12 BIOTECHNOLOGY. This chapter covers: Genome Sequencing Comparative Genomics CRISPR Cas9 Genome Editing DNA Sequencing Gene Editing Bioinformatics Genomics Precision Medicine Molecular Biology. AI-generated questions from basic to board-exam level, with instant results and explanations.

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Chapter 5: Genome Technology and Engineering — Important Questions & Answers (FAQ)

Frequently asked questions from CBSE(NCERT) Grade 12 BIOTECHNOLOGY — Chapter 5: Genome Technology and Engineering, with answers and explanations. These are sample questions; the exam has its own separate question set.

What is a genome?

A. The complete set of genetic material present in an organism ✓
B. Only the protein-coding genes of an organism
C. Only the mitochondrial DNA of a cell
D. A single functional gene present on a chromosome

Answer: A. The complete set of genetic material present in an organism
A genome includes the complete DNA content of an organism, including coding and non-coding regions.

In Sanger DNA sequencing, chain termination occurs due to the incorporation of:

A. Ribonucleotides
B. Dideoxyribonucleotides ✓
C. Restriction enzymes
D. DNA ligase

Answer: B. Dideoxyribonucleotides
Dideoxyribonucleotides lack a 3'-OH group, so no further nucleotide can be added after their incorporation.

In Sanger sequencing, DNA fragments are separated by electrophoresis. To read the sequence correctly from a gel, fragments are generally read from:

A. Largest to smallest
B. Smallest to largest ✓
C. Middle to top only
D. Random bands only

Answer: B. Smallest to largest
Smaller DNA fragments migrate farther, so the sequence is read from the smallest fragment upward to determine the newly synthesized strand.

For sequencing hundreds of microbial genomes rapidly and at lower cost per base, which approach is generally more suitable?

A. Next-generation sequencing ✓
B. Manual Sanger sequencing only
C. Microscopy of chromosomes only
D. Protein crystallography

Answer: A. Next-generation sequencing
Next-generation sequencing allows massively parallel sequencing, making it suitable for large-scale genome projects.

For the commonly used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 system, a target site is suitable only if it is located next to which PAM sequence?