TN State Board 12th Geography Question Paper 2026

The correct match is: Niger – (iii) Highest fertility rate, Singapore – (iv) Highest nutritional density, Burkina Faso – (i) Lowest literacy rate, Latvia – (ii) Highest sex ratio. Hence, option (B) is correct. Why others are wrong: - (A) and (C) have the countries matched to the wrong indicators. - (D) is entirely incorrect because none of these country-indicator pairs match the known demographic facts.

Most anthropologists believe that humans first appeared in the Great Rift Valley in East Africa. This region is considered the cradle of humankind because many early human fossils and archaeological remains have been found there. So, option (A) is correct.

A dispersed settlement has houses scattered far apart, and the dwellings are often interspersed with fields. Market and other common activities may be centralized, where people gather together. Therefore, the incorrect statement is: (C) Found in the fertile river valley This is incorrect because dispersed settlements are generally found in areas with difficult terrain, poor soils, or uneven relief, not in fertile river valleys.

Both the Assertion and Reason are correct, and the Reason correctly explains the Assertion. Natural gas is called green energy because it burns more cleanly than coal and petroleum, producing comparatively less carbon dioxide and fewer harmful pollutants. Hence, it is considered an environment-friendly fuel. Therefore, option (D) is correct.

Viticulture means the cultivation of grapes. It is a speciality of the Mediterranean region, where the climate is well suited for grape growing. So, option (C) is correct.