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CBSE(NCERT) · Grade 12 · Geography

CBSE(NCERT) GRADE 12 GEOGRAPHY 2025 SET4

52 questions from this Grade 12 Geography paper. Log in as a Grade 12 student to view solutions.

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Q1 mcq 1 mark
Two statements are given below. They are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read both the statements carefully and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Industries based on cheap, bulky and weight-losing material are located close to the sources of raw materials. Reason (R) : It is followed to reduce the cost of products.
  • A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
  • B. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
  • C. (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.
  • D. (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.

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Q2 mcq 1 mark
The correct option. I. Generally gathering is practised in the regions with harsh climatic conditions. II. In modern times, some gathering is market-oriented. III. Denmark is a classical example of gathering activities. IV. Gathering is practised mostly by primitive societies.
  • A. I, II and IV are correct.
  • B. I, II and III are correct.
  • C. II, III and IV are correct.
  • D. I, III and IV are correct.

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Q5 mcq 1 mark
The ports specialised in bulk cargo are called :
  • A. Inland Ports
  • B. Industrial Ports
  • C. Out Ports
  • D. Comprehensive Ports

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Q6 mcq 1 mark
Arrange the following states from the highest to the lowest order according to their production of
  • A. III, II, I, IV
  • B. IV, I, III, II
  • C. I, II, III, IV
  • D. III, IV, II, I

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Q6 mcq
Arrange the following states from the highest to the lowest order according to their production of Bauxite and choose the correct option. I. Odisha II. Gujarat III. Chhattisgarh IV. Madhya Pradesh
  • A. III, II, I, IV
  • B. IV, I, III, II
  • C. I, II, III, IV
  • D. III, IV, II, I

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Q7 mcq
Choose the correct group of states utilizing their groundwater resource moderately.
  • A. Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan
  • B. Chhattisgarh, Kerala, Punjab
  • C. Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar
  • D. Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand

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Q8 mcq
which one of the following ranges of the Himalayas ?
  • A. Pir Panjal
  • B. Karakoram
  • C. Zaskar
  • D. Ladakh

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Q9 mcq
Two statements are given below. They are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read both the statements carefully and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : International trade is mutually beneficial to nations. Reason (R) : It helps in getting the needed items from other countries.
  • A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
  • B. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
  • C. (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
  • D. (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.

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Q10 mcq
Which one of the following is the main polluter of Yamuna water in Delhi ?
  • A. Flood water spreading
  • B. Dumping of domestic waste
  • C. Use of pesticides
  • D. Use of fertilizers

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Q11 mcq
Identify the correct set of water-borne diseases.
  • A. Asthma, Headache and Diarrhoea
  • B. Hepatitis, Asthma and Blood pressure
  • C. Intestinal worms, Headache and Blood pressure
  • D. Hepatitis, Diarrhoea and Intestinal worms

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Q12 mcq
Read the following factors of population migration in India from rural to urban areas carefully and choose the correct option of push factors. I. Unemployment II. Job opportunities III. Economic backwardness IV. Lack of medical facilities
  • A. Only I, II and III are correct.
  • B. Only I, II and IV are correct.
  • C. Only II, III and IV are correct.
  • D. Only I, III and IV are correct.

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Q13 mcq
The pressure on agricultural land increases not only due to the limited availability, but also by deterioration of. In the context of this statement read the following reasons carefully and choose the correct option. I. Soil erosion and waterlogging. II. Salinisation and alkalinisation of soil. III. Rich land fertility and multiple cropping. IV. Decline in land productivity.
  • A. Only I, II and III are correct.
  • B. Only I, II and IV are correct.
  • C. Only I, III and IV are correct.
  • D. Only II, III and IV are correct.

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Q14 mcq
Choose an objective of the Namami Gange Programme from the following :
  • A. To monitor industrial effluents
  • B. To develop the network of canals
  • C. To construct dams for water management
  • D. G

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Reading Passage

Human Development Index (2021) S.No. HDI Value (2021) 1. Israel 0.919 2. Mexico 0.758 3. Switzerland 0.962 4. Singapore 0.939 5. Cuba 0.764 6. Austria 0.916 7. Germany 0.942 8. Chile 0.855

Q15 mcq
Study the following table carefully and answer the questions from 15 to 17: Human Development Index (2021) S.No. HDI Value (2021) 1. Israel 0.919 2. Mexico 0.758 3. Switzerland 0.962 4. Singapore 0.939 5. Cuba 0.764 6. Austria 0.916 7. Germany 0.942 8. Chile 0.855 The maximum number of countries given in the table belong to which one of the following continents ?
  • A. North America
  • B. South America
  • C. Europe
  • D. Asia

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Q15 mcq
The maximum number of countries given in the table belong to which one of the following continents?
  • A. North America
  • B. South America
  • C. Europe
  • D. Asia

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Q16 mcq
Arrange the following countries from low to high order of Human Development Index value and choose the correct option. I. Singapore II. Germany III. Mexico IV. Israel Options:
  • A. III, IV, II, I
  • B. III, IV, I, II
  • C. IV, III, I, II
  • D. IV, III, II, I

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Q17 mcq
Choose the correctly matched pair. (Countries) (Continents)
  • A. Austria — Europe
  • B. Cuba — Africa
  • C. Chile — Asia
  • D. Mexico — South America

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Reading Passage

There are many professionals who provide their services against payment of their fee. Thus, all types of services are special skills provided in exchange of payments. Health, education, law, governance and recreation, etc., require professional skills. These services require other theoretical knowledge and practical training. Tertiary activities are related to the service sector. Manpower is an important component of the service sector as most of the tertiary activities are performed by skilled labour, professionally trained experts and consultants. In the initial stages of economic development, larger proportion of people worked in the primary sector. In a developed economy, the majority of workers get employment in tertiary activity and a moderate proportion is employed in the secondary sector.

Q18 short answer 1 mark
How can a person avail services of a professional ?

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Q19 short answer 1 mark
Explain any one difference between secondary and tertiary sectors.

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Q19 short answer
Study the given map carefully and answer the questions that follow:

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Q20 short answer 1 mark
Describe any one example of the relationship between primary and secondary sectors.

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Q20 short answer 3 marks
(a) Examine the concept of naturalisation of humans. OR (b) Examine the humanistic approach of human geography.

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Q20 short answer 3 marks
Examine the concept of naturalisation of humans.

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Q20 short answer 3 marks
Examine the humanistic approach of human geography.

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Q21 short answer 3 marks
Explain the importance of international trade in modern times.

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Q22 short answer 1 mark
Mention the names of the terminal stations of the given railway line.

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Q23 short answer 1 mark
Mention the names of the oceans lying in the East and West directions of this railway line.

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Reading Passage

India Trends of Urbanisation Year Number of Towns/UAs Urban Population (in Thousands) % of Total Population Decennial Growth (%) 1931 2,072 33,456.0 11.99 19.12 1941 2,250 44,153.3 13.86 31.97 1951 2,843 62,443.7 17.29 41.42 1961 2,365 78,936.6 17.97 26.41 1971 2,590 1,09,114 19.91 38.23 1981 3,378 1,59,463 23.34 46.14 1991 4,689 2,17,611 25.71 36.47 2001 5,161 2,85,355 27.78 31.13

Q23 short answer 1 mark
Describe the decennial growth of urbanisation.

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Q24 short answer 1 mark
Explain the economic importance of this railway line.

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Q24 long answer 5 marks
Analyse any five factors influencing the distribution of world population.

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Q25 short answer 3 marks
Describe any three characteristics of Trans-Canadian Railways.

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Q26 long answer 5 marks
How does personal communication system enable the user to establish direct contact with the world of knowledge and information ? Analyse.

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Q26 long answer 5 marks
Analyse the changing pattern of imports in India.

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Q27 long answer 5 marks
Explain four characteristics of common property resources in India.

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Q27 long answer 5 marks
Distinguish between irrigated and rainfed agriculture in India with examples.

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Q28 short answer 1 mark
Mention the increase in number of towns/UAs in 1991 in comparison to 1941.

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Q28 long answer 5 marks
Discuss the statement with examples.

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Q28 long answer 5 marks
Explain the statement with examples.

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Q29 short answer 1 mark
In which decade is the minimum increase in the percentage of urban population recorded ?

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Q29 short answer
Name the area of nomadic herding in Southern Africa.

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Q29 short answer
Name a major sea port located in South-eastern part of Australia.

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Q29 short answer
Name an area of extensive commercial grain farming of South America.

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Q29 short answer
Name a major airport in Mexico.

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Q29 short answer
Name the inland waterway of Egypt.

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Q29 short answer
Name the major international airport of Japan.

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Q29 short answer
Name the terminal station of the western end of Trans-Siberian Railway.

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Q30 short answer
Name the state leading in the production of rice.

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Q30 short answer
Name the place where an oil refinery is located in Uttar Pradesh.

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Q30 short answer
Name the sea port situated at the head of Vembanad Kayal.

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Q30 short answer
Name the place where important bauxite mines are located in southern Odisha.

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Q30 short answer
Name the international airport in Assam.

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Q30 short answer
Name the place where important iron ore mines are located in southern Chhattisgarh.

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