TN State Board 12th Botany Question Paper 2025

The process of introducing plants from an outside geographical area to a new environment is known as Plant Introduction. Selection involves choosing superior genotypes from a population; Cloning refers to asexual multiplication; Heterosis is hybrid vigor. Thus, Introduction is the correct term.

Anemophily (pollination by air) is characterized by small, inconspicuous flowers, reduced perianth (to avoid obstruction), and versatile anthers that can sway freely to release pollen into the wind. Butterfly and beetle-pollinated flowers are usually large and showy. Water pollination typically involves submerged or floating hydrophytes, not versatile anthers.

Agrobacterium tumifaciens is a soil bacterium that naturally transfers a segment of its Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid into host plant cells, making it a vital tool in plant genetic engineering. The other bacteria listed do not possess the Ti plasmid.

Tamarindus indica, despite being commonly found in India today, is botanically considered to be indigenous to the Tropical African region.

A palindromic sequence reads the same on both strands in the 5' to 3' direction. Option A (5'-GAATTC-3') is the recognition site for the restriction enzyme EcoRI. Its complement, 3'-CTTAAG-5', is the exact reverse, forming a standard palindrome. The other options are not palindromic sequences.