CBSE(NCERT) GRADE 10 ENGLISH 2024 SET4

(1) Plastic pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental issues, as rapidly increasing production of disposable plastic products most visible in developing Asian and African nations, where garbage collection systems are often inefficient or nonexistent. But the developed world, especially in countries with low recycling rates, also has trouble properly collecting discarded plastics. Plastic trash has become so ubiquitous that it has prompted efforts to write a global treaty negotiated by the United Nations. (2) Plastics made from fossil fuels are just over a century old. Production and development of thousands of new plastic products accelerated after World War II. It transformed the modern age so much that life without plastics is unrecognizable today. Plastics revolutionized medicine with life-saving devices, made space travel possible, lightened cars and jets saving fuel and pollution and saved lives with helmets, incubators, and equipment for clean drinking water. (3) The conveniences plastics offer, however, led to a throw-away culture : today, single-use plastics account for 40 percent of the plastic produced every year. Many of these products, such as plastic bags and food wrappers, have a lifespan of mere minutes to hours, yet they may persist in the environment for hundreds of years. (4) land. Trash is also carried to sea by major rivers, which act as conveyor belts, picking up more and more trash as they move downstream. Once at sea, much of the plastic trash remains in coastal waters. But once caught up in ocean currents, it can be transported around the world. (5) Millions of animals are killed by plastics every year, from birds to fish to other marine organisms. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by plastics. Nearly every species of seabirds eats plastics. Most of the deaths of animals are caused by entanglement or starvation. Seals, whales, turtles, and other animals are strangled by abandoned fishing gear or discarded six-pack rings. (6) The solution is to prevent plastic waste from entering rivers and seas in the first place, many scientists and conservationists including the National Geographic Society say. This could be accomplished with improved waste management systems and recycling, better product design that takes into account the short life of disposable packaging, and reduction in manufacturing of unnecessary single-use plastics.

Plastic pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental issues, with the rapid increase in the production of disposable plastic products overwhelming the world's ability to deal with them. Some plastics have a lifespan of mere minutes to hours, yet they may persist in the environment for hundreds of years. Most of the plastic trash is found in the Earth's last sink—the ocean. It is transported around the world by ocean currents and winds, making its way to the most remote corners of the globe. The developed world, especially in countries with low recycling rates, has trouble properly collecting plastics. Plastic trash collection systems have become inefficient or nonexistent in many parts of the world, leading to the accumulation of plastic in the environment. Plastic offers convenience, but this convenience comes with a high price. The excessive use of plastic has led to the death of countless marine animals, as they often mistake plastic for food or get entangled in it. According to conservationists, the two ways in which most of the deaths of animals are caused are ingestion and entanglement.

(1) Rotation of crops is a universal phenomenon which is practised by most of the farmers of the tropical and temperate countries. The main objective of rotation of crops is to obtain higher agricultural returns on the one hand, and to maintain the soil fertility on the other. (2) In other words, the rotation of crops helps in making agriculture more sustainable. The importance of crop rotation is more in the areas where farmers grow two, or more than two crops in the same field in a year. Irrigation facilities have also been appreciably developed in the country during the last three decades. The availability of water to the arable land has helped in the intensification of agriculture. (3) In the areas such as Punjab and Haryana, where the Green Revolution is a big success, one soil exhaustive crop (rice) is followed by another soil exhaustive crop (wheat). Subsequently, the field vacated by wheat is devoted to either rice or maize or cotton. Thus, in one year, the farmers are harvesting three soil exhaustive crops from the same field. Such a rotation of crops may fetch more income to the farmers, but depletes the soil fertility at a faster pace. (4) A number of field studies were conducted to assess the traditional crop rotation pattern. One such field study about the changes in the rotation of crops was conducted in the village Banhera (Tanda), Haridwar district. The main rotation of crops of the village is shown in the table below.

with urad/fodder/rice Gram Fallow 90 1965 Fallow Wheat Fallow 210

Energy drinks are drinks containing stimulant compounds, usually caffeine, which is marketed as providing mental and physical stimulation (marketed as energy, but distinct from food energy). Recent studies have shown that whilst there are undoubtedly some short-term benefits of energy drinks, over-consumption does present some common risks and symptoms including : palpitations, dizziness, tremors, tingling or numbing of skin, agitation, insomnia, gastrointestinal problems, respiratory distress, chest pain, headache.

Ecotourism means responsible travel to natural areas, that minimises the negative impact on the environment, making it an appealing choice for environmentally conscious travellers. The table given below lists the pros and cons of Ecotourism. Pros: promotes conservation, provides economic benefits to local communities, fosters environmental awareness. Cons: cultural disruption, destruction of natural resources, habitat disturbance.

POTENTIAL RISKS OF ENERGY DRINKS Recent studies have shown that whilst there are undoubtedly some short-term benefits of energy drinks, over-consumption does present some common risks and symptoms including : palpitations dizziness tremors tingling or numbing of skin agitation insomnia gastrointestinal problems respiratory distress chest pain headache

THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ECOTOURISM Pros: promotes conservation, provides economic benefits to local communities, fosters environmental awareness. Cons: cultural disruption, destruction of natural resources, habitat disturbance.

For the first twenty-four hours, Mijbil was neither hostile nor friendly; he was simply aloof and indifferent, choosing to sleep on the floor as far from my bed as possible. The second night Mijbil came on to my bed in the small hours and remained asleep in the crook of my knees until the servant brought tea in the morning, and during the day he began to lose his apathy and take a keen, much too keen, interest in his surroundings. I made a body-belt for him and took him on a lead to the bathroom, where for half an hour he went wild with joy in the water.

The arrival of a stranger at an inn in winter was in any case an unusual event. A stranger of such uncommon appearance set all tongues wagging. Mrs. Hall, the landlord s wife, made every effort to be friendly. But Griffin had no desire to talk, and told her, My reason for coming to Iping is a desire for solitude. I do not wish to be disturbed in my work. Besides, an accident has affected my face. Satisfied that her guest was an eccentric scientist, and in view of the fact that he had paid her in advance, Mrs. Hall was prepared to excuse his strange habits and irritable temper.

But h s locked in a concrete cell, His strength behind bars, Stalking the length of his cage, Ignoring visitors.

But he is locked in a concrete cell, His strength behind bars, Stalking the length of his cage, Ignoring visitors. (A Tiger in the Zoo)

Belinda was as brave as a barrel full of bears, And Ink and Blink chased lions down the stairs, Mustard was as brave as a tiger in a rage, But Custard cried for a nice safe cage. (The Tale of Custard the Dragon)