CBSE GRADE 12 CHEMISTRY SET 1

Analysis shows that FeO has a non-stoichiometric composition with formula Fe0·95O. Give reason.

CO (g) and H2 (g) react to give different products in the presence of different catalysts. Which ability of the catalyst is shown by these reactions ?

Write the coordination number and oxidation state of Platinum in the complex [Pt(en)2Cl2].

Out of chlorobenzene and benzyl chloride, which one gets easily hydrolysed by aqueous NaOH and why ?

Write the IUPAC name of the following : CH3 - C - CH - CH3 | | C2H5 OH

Calculate the freezing point of a solution containing 60 g of glucose (Molar mass = 180 g mol–1) in 250 g of water. (Kf of water = 1·86 K kg mol–1)

For the reaction 2N2O5 (g)  4NO2 (g) + O2 (g), the rate of formation of NO2 (g) is 2·8  10–3 M s–1. Calculate the rate of disappearance of N2O5 (g).

Among the hydrides of Group-15 elements, which have the (a) lowest boiling point ? (b) maximum basic character ? (c) highest bond angle ? (d) maximum reducing character ?

How do you convert the following ? (a) Ethanal to Propanone (b) Toluene to Benzoic acid OR Account for the following : (a) Aromatic carboxylic acids do not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction. (b) pKa value of 4-nitrobenzoic acid is lower than that of benzoic acid.

Complete and balance the following chemical equations : (a) Fe2+ + MnO4- + H+  (b) MnO4- + H2O + I– 

Give reasons for the following : (a) Measurement of osmotic pressure method is preferred for the determination of molar masses of macromolecules such as proteins and polymers. (b) Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water. (c) Elevation of boiling point of 1 M KCl solution is nearly double than that of 1 M sugar solution.

An element ‘X’ (At. mass = 40 g mol–1 ) having f.c.c. structure, has unit cell edge length of 400 pm. Calculate the density of ‘X’ and the number of unit cells in 4 g of ‘X’. (NA = 6·022  1023 mol–1 )

A first order reaction is 50% completed in 40 minutes at 300 K and in 20 minutes at 320 K. Calculate the activation energy of the reaction. (Given : log 2 = 0·3010, log 4 = 0·6021, R = 8·314 JK–1 mol–1 )

What happens when (a) a freshly prepared precipitate of Fe(OH)3 is shaken with a small amount of FeCl3 solution ? (b) persistent dialysis of a colloidal solution is carried out ? (c) an emulsion is centrifuged ?

Write the chemical reactions involved in the process of extraction of Gold. Explain the role of dilute NaCN and Zn in this process.

Give reasons : (a) Eo value for Mn3+/Mn2+ couple is much more positive than that for Fe3+/Fe2+. (b) Iron has higher enthalpy of atomization than that of copper. (c) Sc 3+ is colourless in aqueous solution whereas Ti3+ is coloured.

(a) Identify the chiral molecule in the following pair : (b) Write the structure of the product when chlorobenzene is treated with methyl chloride in the presence of sodium metal and dry ether. (c) Write the structure of the alkene formed by dehydrohalogenation of 1-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane with alcoholic KOH.

(A), (B) and (C) are three non-cyclic functional isomers of a carbonyl compound with molecular formula C4H8O. Isomers (A) and (C) give positive Tollens’ test whereas isomer (B) does not give Tollens’ test but gives positive Iodoform test. Isomers (A) and (B) on reduction with Zn(Hg)/conc. HCl give the same product (D). (a) Write the structures of (A), (B), (C) and (D). (b) Out of (A), (B) and (C) isomers, which one is least reactive towards addition of HCN ?

Write the structures of the main products in the following reactions :

(a) Why is bithional added to soap ? (b) What is tincture of iodine ? Write its one use. (c) Among the following, which one acts as a food preservative ? Aspartame, Aspirin, Sodium Benzoate, Paracetamol

Define the following with an example of each : (a) Polysaccharides (b) Denatured protein (c) Essential amino acids

(a) Write the formula of the following coordination compound : Iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II) (b) What type of isomerism is exhibited by the complex [Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4 ? (c) Write the hybridisation and number of unpaired electrons in the complex [CoF6]3–.

Shyam went to a grocery shop to purchase some food items. The shopkeeper packed all the items in polythene bags and gave them to Shyam. But Shyam refused to accept the polythene bags and asked the shopkeeper to pack the items in paper bags. He informed the shopkeeper about the heavy penalty imposed by the government for using polythene bags. The shopkeeper promised that he would use paper bags in future in place of polythene bags. Answer the following : (a) Write the values (at least two) shown by Shyam. (b) Write one structural difference between low-density polythene and high-density polythene. (c) Why did Shyam refuse to accept the items in polythene bags ? (d) What is a biodegradable polymer ? Give an example.

(a) Give reasons : (i) H3PO3 undergoes disproportionation reaction but H3PO4 does not. (ii) When Cl2 reacts with excess of F2, ClF3 is formed and not FCl3. (iii) Dioxygen is a gas while Sulphur is a solid at room temperature. (b) Draw the structures of the following : (i) XeF4 (ii) HClO3

(a) When concentrated sulphuric acid was added to an unknown salt present in a test tube a brown gas (A) was evolved. This gas intensified when copper turnings were added to this test tube. On cooling, the gas (A) changed into a colourless solid (B). (i) Identify (A) and (B). (ii) Write the structures of (A) and (B). (iii) Why does gas (A) change to solid on cooling ? (b) Arrange the following in the decreasing order of their reducing character : HF, HCl, HBr, HI (c) Complete the following reaction : XeF4 + SbF5 

(a) Write the cell reaction and calculate the e.m.f. of the following cell at 298 K : Sn (s) | Sn2+ (0.004 M) || H+ (0.020 M) | H2 (g) (1 bar) | Pt (s) (Given : E°Sn2+/Sn = – 0.14 V) (b) Give reasons : (i) On the basis of E° values, O2 gas should be liberated at anode but it is Cl2 gas which is liberated in the electrolysis of aqueous NaCl. (ii) Conductivity of CH3COOH decreases on dilution.

(a) For the reaction 2AgCl (s) + H2 (g) (1 atm)  2Ag (s) + 2H+ (0.1 M) + 2Cl– (0.1 M), ΔG° = – 43600 J at 25°C. Calculate the e.m.f. of the cell. [log 10–n = – n] (b) Define fuel cell and write its two advantages.

(a) Write the reactions involved in the following : (i) Hofmann bromamide degradation reaction (ii) Diazotisation (iii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis (b) Give reasons : (i) (CH3)2NH is more basic than (CH3)3N in an aqueous solution. (ii) Aromatic diazonium salts are more stable than aliphatic diazonium salts.

(a) Write the structures of the main products of the following reactions : (b) Give a simple chemical test to distinguish between Aniline and N,N-dimethylaniline. (c) Arrange the following in the increasing order of their pKb values : C6H5NH2, C2H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3