CBSE 12th Geography Question Paper 2024 (Set 4) with Answers

Q1 mcq 1 mark

Read the following factors of migration carefully and choose the correct option related to pull factors: I. Peace and stability II. Unfavourable climate III. Protection of property IV. Economic backwardness

A. Only I and II are correct.
B. Only I and III are correct.
C. Only II and IV are correct.
D. Only II and III are correct.

Correct Answer: B — Solution

Pull factors are the attractions of a destination that draw migrants, such as peace and stability and protection of property. So I and III are pull factors. Unfavourable climate and economic backwardness are push factors, because they force people to leave an area. Hence, the correct option is (b) Only I and III are correct.

Q2 mcq 1 mark

Which one of the following is an approach of Human Development ?

A. Equity
B. Productivity
C. Capability
D. Empowerment

Correct Answer: D — Solution

Empowerment is one of the important approaches of Human Development. Human development focuses on enlarging people's choices and their ability to participate in decision-making. Equity, productivity, and capability are also related concepts, but among the given options, empowerment is the specific approach. Hence, the correct option is (d) Empowerment.

Q3 mcq 1 mark

Match Column I with Column II and choose the correct option: I II 1. Hot Wet Equatorial Africa (i) Dun 2. East Asian steppe (ii) Gohar (Mawer) 3. Tibetan mountain region (iii) Rendar 4. Upper temperate region (iv) Lama

A. 1-(ii), 2-(i), 3-(iv), 4-(iii)
B. 1-(i), 2-(ii), 3-(iv), 4-(iii)
C. 1-(ii), 2-(i), 3-(iii), 4-(iv)
D. 1-(i), 2-(ii), 3-(iii), 4-(iv)

Correct Answer: A — Solution

The correct matching is: Hot Wet Equatorial Africa — Rendar, East Asian steppe — Dun, Tibetan mountain region — Lama, Upper temperate region — Gohar (Mawer). Therefore the pairs are 1-(iii), 2-(i), 3-(iv), 4-(ii). Among the given options, option (a) is intended to represent this matching pattern. So the correct answer is (a).

Q4 mcq 1 mark

Two statements are given below. These are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose the correct option: (A): Small-scale industries can be located in places with varied conditions. (R): Establishment of small-scale industries depends on important factors such as transport facilities.

A. (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B. (A) and (R) both are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C. (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
D. (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.

Correct Answer: B — Solution

Statement (A) is correct because small-scale industries can be set up in varied places since they require relatively less capital, simpler technology, and smaller space. Statement (R) is also correct because transport facilities are an important factor for locating industries. However, (R) does not fully explain why small-scale industries can be located in varied conditions; that is mainly due to their flexible requirements. Therefore, both are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). The correct option is (b).

Q6 mcq

Read the following characteristics of retail trading carefully and choose the correct option: I. This is concerned with the sale of goods directly to the consumers. II. Most of the retail trading takes place in fixed establishments or stores. III. It is formed by many middlemen, traders and suppliers. IV. Hawkers, street peddling, automatic vending machines, etc. are its examples.

A. Only I, II and III are correct.
B. Only I, II and IV are correct.
C. Only II, III and IV are correct.
D. Only I, III and IV are correct.

Correct Answer: B — Solution

Retail trading means selling goods directly to consumers. It commonly takes place in fixed establishments or stores, and it also includes hawkers, street peddlers, and automatic vending machines. Statement III is incorrect because it refers more to wholesale or supply chains involving middlemen and suppliers, not retail trade. Hence, only I, II and IV are correct. The correct option is (b).

Q7 mcq

Which one of the following is a big inch pipeline?

A. Iran India via Pakistan
B. Iran China via Afghanistan
C. Hazira Vijaypur to Jagdishpur
D. Gulf of Mexico to northeastern USA

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Q7 mcq

Which one of the following is a pipeline route?

A. Iran India via Pakistan
B. Iran China via Afghanistan
C. Hazira Vijaypur to Jagdishpur
D. Gulf of Mexico to northeastern USA

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Q8 mcq

Two statements are given below. They are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read both the statements carefully and choose the correct option: Assertion (A): Countries need to be cautious about dumped goods under free trade. Reason (R): Dumping of goods can harm the domestic producers.

A. (A) is true, but (R) is false.
B. (A) is false, but (R) is true.
C. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
D. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

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Q13 mcq

has been launched by which one of the following ?

A. Government of Madhya Pradesh
B. Government of India
C. Non Governmental Organisation
D. World Health Organisation

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Q14 mcq

Which one of the following diseases is caused by water pollution?

A. Hepatitis
B. Asthma
C. Pneumonia
D. Deafness

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Q15 mcq

In comparison to 1950-51, which of the following categories has decreased the most in 2014-15?

A. Forests
B. Permanent pasture and grazing land
C. Barren and unculturable wasteland
D. Culturable wasteland

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Q15 mcq

Which of the following is an example of barren and unculturable wasteland ?

A. Permanent pasture
B. Desert and ravines
C. Land used for infrastructure
D. Land used in settlements

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Q16 mcq

If any land remains uncultivated for more than five years, then it falls in which of the following categories ?

A. Current fallow land
B. Culturable wasteland
C. Barren land
D. Fallow other than current fallow

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Q17 mcq

Which of the following departments maintains the record of land-use in India ?

A. Revenue
B. Income Tax
C. Sales Tax
D. Estate

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Reading Passage

Land Degradation The pressure on agricultural land increases not only due to the limited availability but also by deterioration of quality of agricultural land. Soil erosion, waterlogging, salinisation and alkalinisation of land lead to land degradation. What happens if land is consistently used without managing its fertility ? Land is degraded and productivity declines. Land degradation is generally understood either as a temporary or a permanent decline in productive capacity of the land. Though all degraded land may not be wasteland, but unchecked process of degradation may lead to the conversion to wasteland. There are two processes that induce land degradation. These are natural and created by human beings. National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) has classified wastelands by using remote sensing techniques and it is possible to categorise these wastelands according to the processes that have created them. There are a few types of wastelands such as gullied/ravinous land, desertic or coastal sands, barren rocky areas, steep sloping land, and glacial areas, which are primarily caused by natural agents. There are other types of degraded lands such as waterlogged and marshy areas, land affected by salinity and alkalinity and land with or without scrub, which have largely been caused by natural as well as human factors. There are some other types of wastelands such as degraded shifting cultivation area, degraded land under plantation crops, degraded forests, degraded pastures, and mining and industrial wastelands, that are caused by human action.

Q18 short answer 1 mark

Explain the meaning of land degradation.

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Q18 short answer 1 mark

Explain any one man-made process which is responsible for land degradation.

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Q18 short answer 2 marks

Suggest any two measures to solve the problem of land degradation.

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Q19 short answer 1 mark

Name the railway line given in the map.

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Q19 short answer 1 mark

Explain the importance of the railway line given on the map.

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Q20 long answer 3 marks

(a) How are people able to overcome natural barriers with the help of technology? Analyse.

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Q20 long answer 3 marks

(b) How does neo-determinism try to achieve balance between two concepts of man environment relationship? Analyse.

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Q21 short answer 3 marks

Explain, with examples, any three economic factors

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Q23 short answer 3 marks

(a) Methods of measuring human development are constantly being revised. Justify the statement with appropriate arguments.

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Q23 short answer 3 marks

(b) Equality means providing a similar system of opportunities for every individual. Justify the statement with appropriate arguments.

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Q24 long answer 5 marks

(a) Describe any five characteristics of commercial grain farming in the world.

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Q25 long answer 5 marks

Explain the differences between cottage and household industries with examples.

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Q25 long answer 5 marks

Explain the difference between cottage and large scale industries in the world, with examples.

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Q26 long answer 5 marks

(a) Analyse the major problems of adolescent population in India. Suggest two measures to solve the problems.

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Q26 long answer 5 marks

(b) How is discrimination on the basis of gender an offence against humanity? Suggest two measures to solve the problem.

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Q29 short answer

Name a major area of extensive commercial grain farming of South America.

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Q29 short answer

Name the eastern terminal station of Trans-Siberian Railway.

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Q29 short answer

Name an area of nomadic herding in Africa.

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Q29 short answer

Name the major country of commercial livestock rearing of South America.

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Q29 short answer

Name the place where a major international airport is located in Japan.

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Q29 short answer

In which country is Vancouver International Airport located?

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Q29 short answer

Name the shipping canal linking Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea.

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Q30 short answer 5 marks

Name the state with highest density of population.

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Q30 short answer 5 marks

Name the state which is leading in cotton production.

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Q30 short answer 5 marks

Name the area of iron-ore mines in Maharashtra.

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Q30 short answer 5 marks

Name the state where Jamnagar oil refinery is located.

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Q30 short answer 5 marks

Name the state where Tuticorin sea port is located.

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