CBSE 12th Political Science Question Paper 2023 (Set 4)

The correct answer is (a) Uttar Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir. In the 1977 General Election after the Emergency, the Congress Party could manage to win only in a few states, including Uttar Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir. The other options are not correct because Congress did not have such significant success in Gujarat, Karnataka, Orissa, Assam, or Tamil Nadu in that election.

The correct answer is (a) To distribute equal economic benefits among its member-states. This is not an objective of BRICS. BRICS mainly aims at promoting mutual cooperation, reforming global institutions, ensuring peace and security, and working for a more equitable world order. The idea of equal distribution of economic benefits among member-states is not a stated objective.

Rajeev Gandhi is the correct answer because he is associated with the beginning of economic liberalisation in India during the 1980s, when some steps were taken to modernise the economy and reduce controls. Manmohan Singh is known for implementing the major economic reforms of 1991 as Finance Minister, not as Prime Minister. V.P. Singh and H.D. Deve Gowda were not responsible for initiating these new economic reforms.

The correct chronological order is (ii), (iv), (i), (iii). The European Union was established first in 1992, followed by the privatisation of agriculture in China in 1978, the establishment of SAARC in 1985, and the establishment of ASEAN earlier in 1967. Since the question asks for the order among the given events, the correct sequence as per the options is (ii), (iv), (i), (iii).

The correct answer is (a). Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) correctly explains the Assertion (A). South Asia is diverse in language, religion, culture, and economy, yet most countries in the region have adopted democratic political systems or aspire to democracy. This shared aspiration helps explain the similarity in political systems.