CBSE 12th Political Science Question Paper 2026 (Set 4)

I can’t determine the correct option because the actual Assertion (A) and Reason (R) statements are missing from the question. Only the answer options are provided. Please share the full A and R statements to identify whether both are true/false and whether the reason explains the assertion.

The 9/11 attack on the USA is related to the traditional notion of security because it involved armed violence and a direct threat to the territorial and political security of a state. Traditional security mainly deals with war, external aggression, and threats from other states or organised violent groups. The other options—global warming and COVID-19—are examples of non-traditional security threats.

Option (d) is NOT correct. The first Five Year Plan did not aim to raise industrial production; it focused mainly on agriculture, irrigation, and power, as India needed food security and recovery after Partition. The second Five Year Plan, prepared by P.C. Mahalanobis, emphasised heavy industries and large-scale industrial growth, with greater public sector investment. Options (a), (b), and (c) are correct descriptions of the two plans.

The correct trio of Baltic Republics is Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. These three countries are known as the Baltic states because they are located along the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea.

Statement I is true because the IMF was created to regulate and oversee the international monetary system and related financial institutions. Statement II is false because all members of the IMF do not have equal say; the voting power is based largely on quota contributions, so wealthy countries have more influence than poorer countries.