Q1
mcq
1 mark
Assertion (A): Formal demography is primarily concerned with the measurement and analysis of the components of population change.
Reason (R): Its focus is on quantitative analysis for which it has a highly developed mathematical methodology.
- A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
- D. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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Q3
mcq
“Social exclusion is not accidental but systematic – it is the result of structural features of society.”
Which of the following appropriately explains the statement?
(I) Individuals may become cut-off from full involvement in the wider society.
(II) Social discrimination happens voluntarily.
(III) It is systematic and patterned.
(IV) It prevents individuals or groups from having opportunities open to the majority of the population.
Options:
- A. (I) and (II)
- B. (I), (II), (III) and (IV)
- C. (II) and (III)
- D. (I), (III) and (IV)
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Q4
mcq
Assertion (A): It is often assumed that the fight for social reform for women’s rights was fought entirely by male reformers and that the ideas of women’s equality are alien imports.
Reason (R): ‘Stree Purush Tulana’ was written in 1882 by Tarabai Shinde, a Maharashtrian housewife and ‘Sultana’s Dream’ was written by Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain.
- A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
- D. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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Q6
mcq
“Land reforms took away rights from the earlier claimants. These claimants were such members of upper castes who did not play any role in agricultural activities except collecting rent.”
These claimants did not play any role in agricultural activities because:
(I) These claimants often did not live in that village.
(II) They ...
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“The land reforms took away rights from the erstwhile claimants. These claimants were members of upper castes who played no part in agricultural economy other than claiming their rent.”
Q6
mcq
These claimants did not play any role in the agricultural economy because:
- A. They frequently did not live in the village.
- B. They were ‘absentee landlords’.
- C. These intermediate castes were not dependent on the labour of the lower caste.
- D. They did not play a decisive role in regional politics and the agrarian economy.
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Q7
mcq
Which of the following does not indicate the next layer of claimants who were involved in the management of agriculture but were not themselves the cultivators ?
- A. Vokkaligas of Karnataka
- B. The Reddys of Andhra Pradesh
- C. Gonds of Maharashtra
- D. The Yadavs of Uttar Pradesh
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Q8
mcq
Assertion (A): Indian nationalists saw rapid industrialisation of the economy as the path towards both growth and social equity.
Reason (R): Modern ideas made people realise that poverty was preventable.
- A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
- D. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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“The policy of liberalization entails participation in the World Trade Organization (WTO), thus bringing about competition from the global market. This indicates further, the process of globalisation of agriculture, or the incorporation of agriculture into the larger global market – a process that has had direct effects on farmers and rural society. For instance, in some regions such as Punjab and Karnataka, farmers enter into contracts with multinational companies (such as PepsiCo) to grow certain crops (such as tomatoes and potatoes).”
Q9
mcq
Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
- A. Contract farming disengages people from the production process.
- B. Indigenous knowledge of agriculture becomes irrelevant.
- C. It is often environmentally safe.
- D. Contract farming is very common for grapes, pomegranates, figs, fruits, cotton.
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Q10
mcq
The policy of liberalization has had a very significant impact on agriculture and rural society because :
(I) The policy entails participation in the World Trade Organisation (WTO).
(II) It aims to bring about a more free international trading system.
(III) This requires the opening up of Indian market to imports.
(IV) Indian farmers are not exposed to competition from the global market.
Options :
- A. (I) and (IV)
- B. (III) and (IV)
- C. (I), (II) and (III)
- D. Only (IV)
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Q11
mcq
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the reformist movement ?
- A. The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia deposed the Tsar to create a communist state.
- B. The Naxalite Movement sought to remove oppressive landlords and state authorities.
- C. People in the Ezhava community in Kerala were led by Narayan Guru to change their social practices.
- D. Campaign for reorganisation of Indian states on linguistic basis.
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Q12
mcq
Which of the following statements is not true for social movements ?
- A. Social Movement activists hold meetings to mobilize people around the issues that concern them.
- B. Social Movements do not prepare people for consensus in pu
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Q13
mcq
Assertion (A) : In lockout, the management shuts the gate and prevents workers from coming.
Reason (R) : Managers try to use substitute labour.
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
- A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
- D. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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Q14
mcq
Assertion (A) : Industrialisation leads to greater equality, at least in some spheres.
Reason (R) : Older forms of discrimination may persist even in new factory or workplace settings.
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
- A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
- D. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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Q15
mcq
Which of the following statements is true with reference to cultural diversity ?
- A. The same type of social groups and communities live in India.
- B. There are communities defined by cultural markers such as language, religion, sect, race or caste.
- C. The term ‘diversity’ emphasises differences rather than equalities.
- D. There is no conflict or competition of any kind among diverse communities.
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Q16
mcq
Put the following statements in the correct order.
(I) Muslim social reformers actively debated the meaning of polygamy and purdah.
(II) A resolution against the evils of polygamy was proposed by Jahanara Shah Nawas at the All India Muslim Ladies Conference.
(III) The resolution condemning polygamy caused considerable debate in the Muslim press.
(IV) Tahsib-e-Niswan, the leading journal for women in Punjab came out in favour of the resolve, but others disapproved.
Options :
- A. (II), (III), (I), (IV)
- B. (I), (II), (III), (IV)
- C. (II), (IV), (I), (III)
- D. (IV), (III), (II), (I)
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Q16
mcq
Put the following statements in the correct order.
- A. (II), (III), (I), (IV)
- B. (I), (II), (III), (IV)
- C. (II), (IV), (I), (III)
- D. (IV), (III), (II), (I)
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Q17
short answer
2 marks
“It is striking that the lowest child sex ratios are found in the most prosperous regions of India. According to the Economic Survey for a recent year, Maharashtra, Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh and Delhi are having high per capita income and the child sex ratio of these states is still low. So the problem of selective abortions is not due to poverty or ignorance or lack of resources.”
Why are selective abortions prevalent in the most prosperous regions of India ?
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Q18
short answer
2 marks
(a) Is language the only most powerful instrument for the formation of ethno-national identity and statehood in India ? Substantiate your answer with a suitable reason.
OR
(b) “Minority group can be called disadvantaged in one sense but not in the other.” Support the statement with suitable examples.
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Q19
short answer
2 marks
“Gandhi took items of everyday mass consumption and transformed them into symbols of resistance.” Identify the two symbols and show the use of any one symbol of resistance.
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Q20
short answer
2 marks
(a) Why do wealthy farmers often prefer to employ migrant workers for harvesting ?
OR
(b) How did benami transfers enable the landowners to keep control over their land ?
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Q21
short answer
2 marks
“Land is also the most important form of property. But land is not just a ‘means of production’, nor just a ‘form of property’. Nor is agriculture just a form of livelihood.’’
Give examples to show the close connection between agriculture and culture.
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Q22
short answer
2 marks
“We often hear the phrase ‘knowledge economy’ to describe the growth of IT sector in India. But how do you compare the skills of a farmer who knows how to grow many hundreds of crops relying on his or her understanding of the weather, the soil and the seeds, with the knowledge of a software professional ?”
What does Harry Braverman say about ‘knowledge economy’ ?
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Q26
long answer
4 marks
“The imperatives of ‘development’ have governed attitudes towards tribes and shaped the policies of the state.”
Highlight the sources of conflict between national development and tribal development.
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Q27
long answer
4 marks
“It is true that hard work matters, and so does individual ability. If all other things were equal, then personal effort, talent and luck would surely account for all the differences between individuals. But, as is almost always the case, all other things are not equal.
In every society, some people have a greater share of valued resources – money, property, education, health, and power – than others.”
Explain how the social resources are divided into three forms of capital. Can these forms of capital overlap? Give reasons for your answer.
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