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Karnataka State Board (PUC) · CLASS 12 SECOND PUC · Chemistry

Karnataka PUC 12th Chemistry Question Paper 2025

64 questions from this CLASS 12 SECOND PUC Chemistry paper. The first 5 questions are solved free; log in as a CLASS 12 SECOND PUC student to view all solutions.

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Q1 mcq 1 mark
When compared to $\Delta T_f$ - value of a 0.01M glucose solution, the $\Delta T_f$ - value of 0.01M $MgCl_2$ solution
  • A. increases about three times
  • B. increases about six times
  • C. increases about ten times
  • D. remains same
Correct Answer: A — Solution

Freezing point depression $\Delta T_f = i \cdot K_f \cdot m$. For glucose (non-electrolyte), the van't Hoff factor $i = 1$. For $MgCl_2$ (strong electrolyte), $MgCl_2 \rightarrow Mg^{2+} + 2Cl^-$, so $i = 3$. Since the molality $m$ is the same, $\Delta T_f$ for $MgCl_2$ is 3 times that of glucose.

Q2 mcq 1 mark
The product/s obtained during the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride solution is/are
  • A. $H_2$ only
  • B. Na metal only
  • C. Na and $Cl_2$
  • D. $H_2$, $Cl_2$ and NaOH
Correct Answer: D — Solution

During the electrolysis of aqueous NaCl, the reactions are: At cathode: $2H_2O + 2e^- \rightarrow H_2(g) + 2OH^-$; At anode: $2Cl^- \rightarrow Cl_2(g) + 2e^-$. Sodium ions remain in the solution, resulting in $NaOH(aq)$. Thus, $H_2$, $Cl_2$, and $NaOH$ are the products.

Q3 mcq 1 mark
All natural and artificial radioactive decay of unstable nuclei take place by
  • A. zero order kinetics
  • B. first order kinetics
  • C. second order kinetics
  • D. third order kinetics
Correct Answer: B — Solution

Radioactive decay follows first-order kinetics where the rate of disintegration is directly proportional to the number of radioactive nuclei present at that time, expressed as $Rate = \lambda N$.

Q4 mcq 1 mark
The energy required to form activated complex is known as
  • A. Kinetic energy
  • B. Potential energy
  • C. Activation energy
  • D. Collision frequency
Correct Answer: C — Solution

Activation energy ($E_a$) is defined as the minimum extra amount of energy absorbed by a reactant system to reach the transition state or activated complex to convert into products.

Q5 mcq 1 mark
Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
  • A. KMnO$_{4}$ oxidises iodide ion to iodine in acid medium
  • B. Permanganate is diamagnetic
  • C. Copper liberates hydrogen from acids
  • D. Ti$^{2+}$ liberates hydrogen from dilute acids

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Q6 mcq 1 mark
The most stable complex in the following complexes is
  • A. [Fe(CO)$_{5}$]
  • B. [Fe(CN)$_{6}$]$^{3\text{--}}$
  • C. [Fe(H$_{2}$O)$_{6}$]$^{3+}$
  • D. [Fe(C$_{2}$O$_{4}$)$_{3}$]$^{3\text{--}}$

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Q7 mcq 1 mark
Match the List – I (complex) with List – II (central metal) and select the correct option. List I: A. Blood pigment, B. Chlorophyll, C. Vitamin B$_{12}$, D. Wilkinson Catalyst List II: i) Rh, ii) Co, iii) Mg, iv) Fe
  • A. A – i, B – ii, C – iii, D – iv
  • B. A – iv, B – iii, C – ii, D – i
  • C. A – iv, B – ii, C – iii, D – i
  • D. A – i, B – iii, C – ii, D – iv

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Q8 mcq 1 mark
The main product obtained when alkyl halides react with AgCN is
  • A. cyanide
  • B. isocyanide
  • C. alkyl nitrite
  • D. nitroalkane

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Q9 mcq 1 mark
The compound used for the treatment of malaria is
  • A. chloroquine
  • B. chloramphenicol
  • C. halothane
  • D. chloroform

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Q10 mcq 1 mark
Which of the following is benzylic alcohol?
  • A. C$_{6}$H$_{5}$ – CH$_{2}$ – CH$_{2}$OH
  • B. CH$_{3}$C$_{6}$H$_{5}$ – CH$_{2}$ – CH – OH
  • C. C$_{6}$H$_{5}$ – CH$_{2}$ OH
  • D. CH$_{3}$CH$_{2}$OH

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Q11 mcq 1 mark
Among the following, the compound with highest pKa value is
  • A. o – nitrophenol
  • B. phenol
  • C. p – nitrophenol
  • D. ethanol

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Q12 mcq 1 mark
In Clemmensen reduction, carbonyl compound is treated with
  • A. Zinc amalgam + conc.HNO$_{3}$
  • B. Zinc amalgam + conc. HCl
  • C. Sodium amalgam + conc. HNO$_{3}$
  • D. Sodium amalgam + conc. HCl

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Q13 mcq 1 mark
The reagent that can be used to convert benzene diazonium chloride to benzene is
  • A. H$_{3}$PO$_{2}$+ H$_{2}$O
  • B. SnCl$_{2}$/HCl
  • C. LiAlH$_{4}$
  • D. H$_{3}$PO$_{4}$

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Q14 mcq 1 mark
The final product obtained in ammonolysis of alkyl halides is
  • A. quaternary ammonium salt
  • B. primary amine
  • C. secondary amine
  • D. tertiary amine

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Q15 mcq 1 mark
Statement – I: All naturally occurring $\alpha$ – aminoacids except glycine are optically active. Statement – II: Most naturally occurring aminoacids have 'D' configuration. Identify the correct option.
  • A. Statement – I and Statement – II are correct
  • B. Statement – I and Statement – II are incorrect
  • C. Statement – I is correct and Statement – II is incorrect
  • D. Statement – I is incorrect and Statement – II is correct

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Q16 short answer 1 mark
A catalyst does not alter _______.

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Q17 short answer 1 mark
_______ is an example of ambidentate ligand.

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Q18 short answer 1 mark
Phenol is converted to ______ on heating with zinc dust.

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Q19 short answer 1 mark
Adipic acid is used in the manufacture of _______.

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Q20 short answer 1 mark
The most abundant organic substance in plant kingdom is _______.

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Q21 short answer 2 marks
What are azeotropes? Give an example.

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Q22 short answer 2 marks
Draw the structures of $[Ni(CO)_4]$ and $[Co_2(CO)_8]$

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Q23 short answer 2 marks
Explain Fittig reaction with an example.

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Q24 short answer 2 marks
How do you convert isopropylbenzene into phenol? Write equations.

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Q25 short answer 2 marks
Write the Haworth structure of lactose.

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Q26 short answer 3 marks
What are interstitial compounds? Write any two characteristics of them.

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Q27 short answer 2 marks
Calculate the magnetic moment of $Fe^{2+}$ by using spin only formula (Atomic no. of Fe = 26)

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Q28 short answer 1 mark
Write the equation for the reaction of lanthanoids with oxygen.

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Q29 short answer 1 mark
Give reason for the following: $Zn^{2+}$ is colourless.

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Q29 short answer 3 marks
Write the IUPAC name of $[CoCl_2(en)_2]$. Draw the geometrical isomers of it.

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Q30 short answer 1 mark
Give reason for the following: Cerium shows +4 oxidation state.

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Q30 short answer 3 marks
Explain the hybridisation, geometry and magnetic property of $[Ni(CN)_4]^{2-}$ on the basis of valence bond theory (VBT). (Atomic number of Ni = 28)

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Q31 short answer 1 mark
Give reason for the following: Zr and Hf exhibit similar radii.

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Q32 short answer 3 marks
Write the cathodic, anodic and overall reactions occur in fuel cell using $H_2$ and $O_2$.

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Q34 short answer 2 marks
State Henry's law. Write its mathematical form.

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Q34 long answer 3 marks
Derive an integrated rate equation for the rate constant of a zero order reaction.

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Q35 short answer 1 mark
What is the effect of pressure on solubility of solids in liquids?

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Q37 short answer 2 marks
Define molar conductivity. Write its SI unit.

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Q38 short answer 1 mark
How much electricity (in terms of Faraday) is required for the oxidation of FeO to $Fe_2O_3$?

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Q40 long answer 3 marks
Aryl halides are less reactive than alkyl halides towards nucleophilic substitution reactions. Give any three reasons for it.

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Q41 long answer 2 marks
Write the general equation for Finkelstein reaction. What is the role of dry acetone in this reaction?

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Q41 short answer 3 marks
Calculate the mole fraction of benzene and carbon tetrachloride in a solution made by dissolving 20g of benzene in 80g of carbon tetrachloride. (Molar mass of benzene = 78g $mol^{-1}$, Molar mass of carbon tetrachloride = 154g $mol^{-1}$)

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Q42 long answer 3 marks
Write the equations for the steps in the mechanism of acid catalyzed dehydration of ethanol to ethene.

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Q42 short answer 3 marks
Determine the amount (in grams) of $CaCl_2$ (i = 2.47) dissolved in 2.5L of water such that its osmotic pressure is 0.75 atm at 27°C. (R = 0.0821 L.atm.$K^{-1}$.$mol^{-1}$, molar mass of $CaCl_2$ = 111 g.$mol^{-1}$)

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Q43 long answer 1 mark
Complete the following equations: (i) Phenol + 3 $Br_2$ -> _______ + 3HBr

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Q43 short answer 3 marks
At 25°C, the following reaction takes place in the cell which has $E^0_{cell} = 0.235V$. Calculate the standard Gibb's energy (F = 96500 C$mol^{-1}$). $2Fe^{3+}_{(aq)} + 2I^-_{(aq)} \rightarrow 2Fe^{2+}_{(aq)} + I_{2(s)}$

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Q44 long answer 1 mark
Complete the following equations: (ii) $C_2H_5Br + C_2H_5ONa$ -> _______ + NaBr

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Q44 short answer 3 marks
A solution of Ni $(NO_3)_2$ is electrolyzed between platinum electrodes using a current of 5A for 20 min. What mass of Ni is deposited at the cathode? (Atomic mass of Ni = 58.7, F = 96500 C $mol^{-1}$)

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Q45 long answer 3 marks
Identify the compounds A, B and C in the following equation: Benzene + CO, HCl / Anhyd $AlCl_3$ -> A A + conc. NaOH / $\Delta$ -> B + C

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Q45 short answer 3 marks
A first order reaction takes 40 min for 25% completion. Calculate rate constant of the reaction.

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Q46 long answer 2 marks
What is the composition of Tollens' reagent? Write the reaction of it with aldehydes in alkaline medium.

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Q46 short answer 3 marks
The rate constant for the first order decomposition of $H_2O_2$ is given by the following equation: log k = 14.34 – 1.25 × $10^4$ K/T. Calculate $E_a$ for the reaction. (R = 8.314 J.$K^{-1}$ $mol^{-1}$)

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Q47 long answer 2 marks
Explain Etard reaction with equation.

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Q48 long answer 2 marks
How will you prepare acetamide from acetic acid? Write the equations.

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Q49 long answer 1 mark
Between HCHO and $CH_3CH_2CHO$, which is the compound undergoing aldol reaction?

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Q50 short answer 1 mark
Complete the equation: Phenol + $3Br_2$ $\rightarrow$ _______ + $3HBr$

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Q51 short answer 1 mark
Complete the equation: $C_2H_5Br + C_2H_5ONa$ $\rightarrow$ _______ + NaBr

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Q52 long answer 3 marks
Identify the compounds A, B and C in the following equation: Benzene $\xrightarrow{CO, HCl, Anhyd AlCl_3}$ A $\xrightarrow{conc. NaOH, \Delta}$ B + C

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Q53 long answer 3 marks
Write the equations for the conversion of aniline into 4 – bromo aniline.

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Q54 short answer 2 marks
How do you distinguish between primary amine and secondary amine using Hinsberg's reagent?

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Q55 short answer 2 marks
What is peptide linkage? Write the structure of glycylalanine.

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Q56 short answer 1 mark
Write the chemical reactions to show that glucose contains Six carbon atoms in a straight chain.

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Q57 short answer 1 mark
Write the chemical reactions to show that glucose contains Primary alcoholic (–OH) group.

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Q58 short answer 1 mark
Name the disease caused by the deficiency of ascorbic acid.

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