Karnataka PUC 12th Psychology Question Paper 2025

Rationalization is the correct answer. The 'sour grape' attitude refers to when a person encounters a failure and attempts to justify it by belittling the goal they failed to reach, claiming it was 'sour' or undesirable anyway. Repression is pushing painful thoughts to the unconscious; Projection is attributing one's own faults to others; Sublimation is channeling impulses into socially acceptable activities.

Life Skills are defined by the WHO as the abilities for adaptive and positive behaviour that enable individuals to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of everyday life. Exercise, Self Care, and Dhyana are specific health-related practices, but they do not encapsulate the broad set of psycho-social competencies known as Life Skills.

Depersonalization disorder involves a subjective experience of feeling detached or estranged from one's own self, body, or mental processes. Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by lack of empathy; Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder involving psychosis; Dissociative Fugue involves unexpected travel and loss of personal identity.

A sports club is an example of a secondary group. Secondary groups are characterized by large size, impersonal relationships, and are formed to achieve specific, goal-oriented interests. Primary groups (like family) have intimate, face-to-face interaction. Informal groups are defined by the lack of formal structure, and out-groups are those to which the individual does not belong.

A vocational counsellor is specifically trained to provide guidance regarding career choices, job exploration, and professional development. While educational counsellors work within schools, the term 'vocational' directly relates to the career-guidance function.