Karnataka PUC 12th Sociology Question Paper 2025

The correct answer is Rationalization. Rationalization is a defense mechanism where individuals create logical-sounding excuses to justify unacceptable behaviors or failures, similar to the fable of the fox who decides the grapes he cannot reach are 'sour' anyway. Repression involves pushing thoughts into the unconscious, Projection involves attributing one's own traits to others, and Sublimation involves channeling impulses into socially acceptable activities.

The correct answer is Life Skills. Life skills are defined by the WHO as abilities for adaptive and positive behavior that enable individuals to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of everyday life. Exercise, Self-care, and Dhyana (meditation) are specific practices or activities, not the broad term for these psychosocial competencies.

The correct answer is Depersonalization disorder. This is a dissociative disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent feelings of detachment from one's mental processes or body, as if one is an outside observer. Psychopathy is a personality disorder, Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder, and Dissociative Fugue involves sudden, unexpected travel away from home with amnesia.

The correct answer is Secondary group. A sports club is a large, formal, and organized group with specific goals and impersonal relationships, which are characteristics of a secondary group. A primary group involves intimate, face-to-face interaction (like family). An informal group lacks formal structure, and an out-group is a group to which an individual does not belong.

The correct answer is Vocational counsellor. A vocational counsellor specializes in helping individuals assess their skills and interests to make informed career choices and provide guidance for professional development.