Chapter Exam

History Chapter-2 Nationalism in India — Online MCQ Test

Q: In which year did the Indian National Congress hold its first session?

Answer: A. 1885 — The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 and held its first session that same year, marking the beginning of organized nationalist political activity in India.

Q: Who was the founder of the Indian National Congress?

Answer: A. A.O. Hume — A.O. Hume, a retired British official, founded the Indian National Congress in 1885 with the aim of providing a platform for nationalist aspirations.

Q: Which of the following was NOT a major phase of the Nationalist Movement?

Answer: D. Democratic Phase — The nationalist movement is typically divided into Moderate, Extremist, and Gandhian phases. The Democratic Phase is not a recognized major phase in the nationalist movement's history.

Q: Which of the following statements about the Cripps Mission is INCORRECT?

Answer: B. It offered immediate independence to India — The Cripps Mission offered dominion status after World War II, not immediate independence, which is why it was rejected by Indian leaders who demanded 'Quit India' immediately.

SOCIAL SCIENCE · Grade 10 · CBSE(NCERT)

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History Chapter-2 Nationalism in India — Important Questions & Answers (FAQ)

Frequently asked questions from CBSE(NCERT) Grade 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE — History Chapter-2 Nationalism in India, with answers and explanations. These are sample questions; the exam has its own separate question set.

In which year did the Indian National Congress hold its first session?

A. 1885 ✓
B. 1890
C. 1880
D. 1895

Answer: A. 1885
The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 and held its first session that same year, marking the beginning of organized nationalist political activity in India.

Who was the founder of the Indian National Congress?

A. A.O. Hume ✓
B. Dadabhai Naoroji
C. Surendranath Banerjea
D. Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Answer: A. A.O. Hume
A.O. Hume, a retired British official, founded the Indian National Congress in 1885 with the aim of providing a platform for nationalist aspirations.

Which of the following was NOT a major phase of the Nationalist Movement?

A. Moderate Phase
B. Extremist Phase
C. Gandhian Phase
D. Democratic Phase ✓

Answer: D. Democratic Phase
The nationalist movement is typically divided into Moderate, Extremist, and Gandhian phases. The Democratic Phase is not a recognized major phase in the nationalist movement's history.

What was the primary goal of the Moderates in the Indian National Congress?

A. Immediate independence through violence
B. Social and economic reforms through constitutional means ✓
C. Complete rejection of British rule
D. Establishment of a communist state

Answer: B. Social and economic reforms through constitutional means
The Moderates believed in gradual reforms and constitutional methods to achieve Indian autonomy, advocating for social and economic improvements within the British framework.

What was the main reason for the Partition of India in 1947?

A. British desire to divide the country
B. Hindu-Muslim communal tensions and separate nationalist visions ✓
C. Economic differences between regions
D. Demand by princely states

Answer: B. Hindu-Muslim communal tensions and separate nationalist visions
The Partition resulted from deep communal divides, especially between Hindu and Muslim nationalist visions, leading to the creation of India and Pakistan as separate nations.

How did the Extremists' approach differ from the Moderates' approach in the nationalist movement?

A. Extremists used constitutional methods; Moderates used militant tactics
B. Moderates sought gradual reforms; Extremists advocated for immediate independence through aggressive means ✓
C. Extremists believed in foreign aid; Moderates rejected international support
D. There was no significant difference between their approaches

Answer: B. Moderates sought gradual reforms; Extremists advocated for immediate independence through aggressive means
Moderates believed in constitutional reforms and British collaboration, while Extremists demanded immediate independence and used militant agitation, boycotts, and civil disobedience.

Which of the following statements about the Cripps Mission is INCORRECT?

A. It was sent in 1942 to negotiate with Indian leaders
B. It offered immediate independence to India ✓
C. It proposed a post-war dominion status for India
D. It was rejected by Indian leaders as inadequate

Answer: B. It offered immediate independence to India
The Cripps Mission offered dominion status after World War II, not immediate independence, which is why it was rejected by Indian leaders who demanded 'Quit India' immediately.

How did the concept of 'Swaraj' evolve in meaning from the Extremist Phase to the Gandhian Phase?

A. It remained unchanged in both phases
B. Extremists emphasized political independence; Gandhi broadened it to include social and spiritual self-reliance through Swadeshi and non-violence ✓
C. Gandhi rejected the concept of Swaraj
D. It was only a Moderate concept

Answer: B. Extremists emphasized political independence; Gandhi broadened it to include social and spiritual self-reliance through Swadeshi and non-violence
While Extremists focused on political independence from Britain, Gandhi redefined Swaraj to encompass comprehensive self-reliance—political, economic (Swadeshi), and spiritual—through non-violent means.

Consider the statement: 'The Partition of India was primarily caused by communal violence.' Evaluate this claim.

A. Completely accurate; communal violence alone caused Partition
B. Partially accurate; communal tensions contributed but were exacerbated by separate communal political organizations, elite power struggles, and colonial administrative policies rather than being the sole cause ✓
C. Entirely inaccurate; Partition had nothing to do with communal issues
D. Accurate only if we ignore political factors

Answer: B. Partially accurate; communal tensions contributed but were exacerbated by separate communal political organizations, elite power struggles, and colonial administrative policies rather than being the sole cause
While communal tensions were significant, Partition resulted from complex factors: Muslim League's separatist politics, Congress's Hindu-majoritarian appearance to some Muslims, elite nationalist divisions, and British strategy of divide-and-rule.

Which of the following is a VALID but OFTEN OVERLOOKED reason for the success of Indian nationalism?

A. The British voluntarily granted independence
B. Native Indians held significant military positions throughout the British Raj
C. Widespread nationalist mobilization reduced Britain's capacity to govern economically and militarily, especially after WWII, making independence inevitable rather than granted ✓
D. The United Nations forced Britain to leave India

Answer: C. Widespread nationalist mobilization reduced Britain's capacity to govern economically and militarily, especially after WWII, making independence inevitable rather than granted
Indian independence resulted from sustained, costly resistance making British rule uneconomical and untenable—Britain didn't voluntarily grant it but was forced to acknowledge Indian demands' inevitability through exhaustion.

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