Chapter Exam

Unit 13: Thermodynamics — Online MCQ Test

Q: Which law of thermodynamics defines thermal equilibrium and forms the basis for temperature measurement?

Answer: B. Zeroth law of thermodynamics — The zeroth law states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. This law is the foundation of temperature measurement.

Q: In thermodynamics, the internal energy of a system is a ____ quantity.

Answer: C. state — Internal energy depends only on the state of the system, not on the path followed to reach that state. Hence, it is a state function.

Q: A gas is heated and expands at constant pressure. If it absorbs 500 J of heat and does 200 J of work, what is the change in internal energy?

Answer: B. 300 J — Using the first law, ΔU = Q - W = 500 J - 200 J = 300 J. The internal energy increases by 300 J.

PHYSICS · CLASS 11 INTERMEDIATE 1 YEAR · Telangana State Board

Practice Unit 13: Thermodynamics with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test for Telangana State Board CLASS 11 INTERMEDIATE 1 YEAR PHYSICS. This chapter covers: Focusing on thermal energy conversion this chapter details thermal equilibrium zeroth law first law second law of thermodynamics reversible irreversible processes and Carnot engine.... AI-generated questions from basic to board-exam level, with instant results and explanations.

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Unit 13: Thermodynamics — Important Questions & Answers (FAQ)

Frequently asked questions from Telangana State Board CLASS 11 INTERMEDIATE 1 YEAR PHYSICS — Unit 13: Thermodynamics, with answers and explanations. These are sample questions; the exam has its own separate question set.

Which law of thermodynamics defines thermal equilibrium and forms the basis for temperature measurement?

A. First law of thermodynamics
B. Zeroth law of thermodynamics ✓
C. Second law of thermodynamics
D. Third law of thermodynamics

Answer: B. Zeroth law of thermodynamics
The zeroth law states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. This law is the foundation of temperature measurement.

In thermodynamics, the internal energy of a system is a ____ quantity.

A. vector
B. path-dependent
C. state ✓
D. zero always

Answer: C. state
Internal energy depends only on the state of the system, not on the path followed to reach that state. Hence, it is a state function.

A gas is heated and expands at constant pressure. If it absorbs 500 J of heat and does 200 J of work, what is the change in internal energy?

A. 700 J
B. 300 J ✓
C. -300 J
D. -700 J

Answer: B. 300 J
Using the first law, ΔU = Q - W = 500 J - 200 J = 300 J. The internal energy increases by 300 J.

Which of the following best explains why no heat engine can be 100% efficient?

A. Because work output is always negative
B. Because some heat must be rejected to a colder reservoir ✓
C. Because internal energy can never change
D. Because temperature cannot remain constant

Answer: B. Because some heat must be rejected to a colder reservoir
According to the second law of thermodynamics, a heat engine must reject some heat to a cold reservoir. Hence, complete conversion of heat into work is impossible.

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about the first law of thermodynamics?

A. It states that entropy of the universe always decreases
B. It is a law of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems ✓
C. It gives the maximum efficiency of all engines
D. It states that heat can flow only from cold to hot

Answer: B. It is a law of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems
The first law expresses conservation of energy: heat supplied to a system is used to increase internal energy and do work. It does not by itself determine the direction of processes.

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