Chapter Exam

Unit 2B: Excretory Products and Their Elimination — Online MCQ Test

Q: Which functional unit of the human kidney filters blood and forms urine?

Answer: B. Nephron — The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. It carries out filtration, reabsorption, and secretion to form urine.

Q: What is the main excretory product of humans?

Answer: C. Urea — Humans are ureotelic animals, so urea is the chief nitrogenous waste excreted in urine.

Q: Which part of the nephron is mainly responsible for the reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, and most water and salts?

Answer: C. Proximal convoluted tubule — The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs most of the useful substances from the filtrate, including glucose, amino acids, ions, and water.

Q: The counter-current mechanism in the nephron is mainly responsible for:

Answer: B. Formation of concentrated urine — The counter-current system between the loop of Henle and vasa recta maintains the medullary osmotic gradient, helping produce concentrated urine.

Q: A patient has kidney stones mainly due to deposition of calcium oxalate crystals. Which of the following is the most appropriate term for this disorder?

Answer: A. Renal calculi — Kidney stones are medically called renal calculi and are commonly formed by calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate deposition.

ZOOLOGY · CLASS 12 INTERMEDIATE 2 YEAR · Telangana State Board

Practice Unit 2B: Excretory Products and Their Elimination with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test for Telangana State Board CLASS 12 INTERMEDIATE 2 YEAR ZOOLOGY. This chapter covers: This chapter examines human excretory system nephron structure urine formation mechanisms counter-current system osmoregulation and renal disorders like uremia and kidney stones.. AI-generated questions from basic to board-exam level, with instant results and explanations.

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Unit 2B: Excretory Products and Their Elimination — Important Questions & Answers (FAQ)

Frequently asked questions from Telangana State Board CLASS 12 INTERMEDIATE 2 YEAR ZOOLOGY — Unit 2B: Excretory Products and Their Elimination, with answers and explanations. These are sample questions; the exam has its own separate question set.

Which functional unit of the human kidney filters blood and forms urine?

A. Neuron
B. Nephron ✓
C. Alveolus
D. Villus

Answer: B. Nephron
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. It carries out filtration, reabsorption, and secretion to form urine.

What is the main excretory product of humans?

A. Uric acid
B. Ammonia
C. Urea ✓
D. Creatinine

Answer: C. Urea
Humans are ureotelic animals, so urea is the chief nitrogenous waste excreted in urine.

Which part of the nephron is mainly responsible for the reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, and most water and salts?

A. Distal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Proximal convoluted tubule ✓
D. Collecting duct

Answer: C. Proximal convoluted tubule
The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs most of the useful substances from the filtrate, including glucose, amino acids, ions, and water.

The counter-current mechanism in the nephron is mainly responsible for:

A. Digestion of proteins
B. Formation of concentrated urine ✓
C. Secretion of digestive enzymes
D. Absorption of fats

Answer: B. Formation of concentrated urine
The counter-current system between the loop of Henle and vasa recta maintains the medullary osmotic gradient, helping produce concentrated urine.

A patient has kidney stones mainly due to deposition of calcium oxalate crystals. Which of the following is the most appropriate term for this disorder?

A. Renal calculi ✓
B. Nephritis
C. Glomerulonephritis
D. Polyuria

Answer: A. Renal calculi
Kidney stones are medically called renal calculi and are commonly formed by calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate deposition.

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