Chapter Exam

Chapter 9: Stem Cell Culture and Organ Culture — Online MCQ Test

Q: Embryonic stem cells are commonly obtained from which part of the early embryo?

Answer: B. Inner cell mass of blastocyst — Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst stage embryo.

Q: Which of the following is a common source of adult stem cells?

Answer: A. Bone marrow — Bone marrow contains adult stem cells such as haematopoietic stem cells that can form blood cells.

Q: Pluripotency refers to the ability of a stem cell to:

Answer: A. Form many cell types of the body — Pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into many cell types derived from the three germ layers.

Q: Compared with most adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells generally have:

Answer: A. Greater differentiation potential — Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, whereas most adult stem cells are multipotent and more restricted in their differentiation capacity.

Q: A patient with a serious blood disorder is most likely to benefit from transplantation of:

Answer: A. Haematopoietic stem cells — Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation can restore blood cell formation in certain blood disorders.

Q: A researcher wants cells that can generate many different body cell types for studying early development, but must also consider ethical issues. Which cells are being referred to?

Answer: A. Embryonic stem cells — Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent and useful for developmental studies, but their use raises ethical concerns.

Q: In stem cell biology, asymmetric division is important because it can produce:

Answer: A. One stem cell and one committed progenitor cell — Asymmetric division helps maintain the stem cell pool while also producing cells that can enter a differentiation pathway.

BIOTECHNOLOGY · Grade 12 · CBSE(NCERT)

Practice Chapter 9: Stem Cell Culture and Organ Culture with a free chapter-wise online MCQ test for CBSE(NCERT) Grade 12 BIOTECHNOLOGY. This chapter covers: Stem Cells Embryonic Stem Cells Adult Stem Cells Organ Culture Regenerative Medicine Cell Differentiation Tissue Engineering Pluripotency Cell Therapy. AI-generated questions from basic to board-exam level, with instant results and explanations.

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Chapter 9: Stem Cell Culture and Organ Culture — Important Questions & Answers (FAQ)

Frequently asked questions from CBSE(NCERT) Grade 12 BIOTECHNOLOGY — Chapter 9: Stem Cell Culture and Organ Culture, with answers and explanations. These are sample questions; the exam has its own separate question set.

A stem cell is best defined as a cell that can:

A. Self-renew and differentiate into specialised cell types ✓
B. Only divide once and then die
C. Perform photosynthesis in culture
D. Produce antibodies without differentiation

Answer: A. Self-renew and differentiate into specialised cell types
Stem cells have the ability to self-renew and give rise to specialised cells under suitable conditions.

Embryonic stem cells are commonly obtained from which part of the early embryo?

A. Trophoblast
B. Inner cell mass of blastocyst ✓
C. Placenta
D. Amniotic fluid only

Answer: B. Inner cell mass of blastocyst
Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst stage embryo.

Which of the following is a common source of adult stem cells?

A. Bone marrow ✓
B. Pollen grain
C. Xylem vessel
D. Mature red blood cell

Answer: A. Bone marrow
Bone marrow contains adult stem cells such as haematopoietic stem cells that can form blood cells.

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a stem cell to:

A. Form many cell types of the body ✓
B. Form only one type of cell
C. Form only extra-embryonic membranes
D. Stop cell division permanently

Answer: A. Form many cell types of the body
Pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into many cell types derived from the three germ layers.

Compared with most adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells generally have:

A. Greater differentiation potential ✓
B. No ability to divide
C. Only one possible cell fate
D. No requirement of culture medium

Answer: A. Greater differentiation potential
Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, whereas most adult stem cells are multipotent and more restricted in their differentiation capacity.

A patient with a serious blood disorder is most likely to benefit from transplantation of:

A. Haematopoietic stem cells ✓
B. Mature skin keratin only
C. Dead epithelial cells
D. Trophoblast cells

Answer: A. Haematopoietic stem cells
Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation can restore blood cell formation in certain blood disorders.

A researcher wants cells that can generate many different body cell types for studying early development, but must also consider ethical issues. Which cells are being referred to?

A. Embryonic stem cells ✓
B. Mature red blood cells
C. Fully keratinised dead skin cells
D. Bacterial cells

Answer: A. Embryonic stem cells
Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent and useful for developmental studies, but their use raises ethical concerns.

Why must undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells be removed before transplantation of differentiated cells?

A. They may proliferate uncontrollably and form tumours ✓
B. They cannot survive in any culture medium
C. They immediately become red blood cells only
D. They prevent all immune reactions

Answer: A. They may proliferate uncontrollably and form tumours
Undifferentiated pluripotent cells can continue dividing and may form teratoma-like tumours after transplantation.

In stem cell biology, asymmetric division is important because it can produce:

A. One stem cell and one committed progenitor cell ✓
B. Two dead cells only
C. Only extra-embryonic membranes
D. Four gametes directly by mitosis

Answer: A. One stem cell and one committed progenitor cell
Asymmetric division helps maintain the stem cell pool while also producing cells that can enter a differentiation pathway.

Which sequence correctly represents decreasing developmental potential?

A. Zygote, embryonic stem cell, adult stem cell, specialised cell ✓
B. Specialised cell, adult stem cell, embryonic stem cell, zygote
C. Adult stem cell, zygote, specialised cell, embryonic stem cell
D. Embryonic stem cell, specialised cell, zygote, adult stem cell

Answer: A. Zygote, embryonic stem cell, adult stem cell, specialised cell
A zygote is totipotent, embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, adult stem cells are usually multipotent, and specialised cells have the least developmental potential.

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